I 





1 



'\\n [Hft 



QLDIER^ Ml 



ILLO^TPATFD 




REA\EMBCPtD 

AND Forgot 



^^ 



i-'S^.T 



fflANUFACTDRERS NATIONAL iANK 



OF LEAVENWORTH. 




Cajntal Paid in 
Surxtlus - - - 



$150,000 
- 10,000 



Offices— Corner of Fifth 

and Delaware Sts. 

\ officb;rs: 

- E. W. Snyder, President. 

J. C. I<YSLE, Vice-Pres't. 

W. B. Nickels, Cashier. 



J. C. Lysle, 

h. w. wulfekuhler, 
George Burrows, 



DIRECTORS : 
J. M. Laing, 

H. D. Rush, 

w. B. Nickels, 



E. W. Snyder, 

D. A. McKlBBEN, 

Nathan Schloss. 



THIS BANK DOES A (JEXERAL BANKING BUSINESS. 

Special attention given to exchanges of the principal cities of Europe. 



L 



EAVENWORTH 
INSEED OIL WORKS 



.OF THE. 



w^J^ 



NATIONAL 
LINSEED OIL 

Manufacturers of I COMPANY 

Strictly Pure Raw and Kettle-Boile,! Linseed Oil, '''^'y.l'^^ATcmS'r' 

Headquarters for 

Ground Linseed Cake (Oil Meal), ^'^^ "'Vaue^TnfltS^^^^^^^^^ '°^ 

LARGEST PLANT jlN THE WEST. 

Seven buildings and twenty-one tanks, .covering nearly four acres of ground. 
» CArAClxv, 2o«>,ooo Busliels. 

Valuable information for stock-fJ:eders furnished on application. 

Leavenworth Linseed Oil Works, 



J. W. HIRST, Mgr, 



LEAVENmRTH, KANSAS. 



POPrLAR and; HIOH GRADK 



DRY GOODS, MILLINERY and FANCY GOODS. 



Tbruttgli 

tai 



,/■■/ / rr 



■.a|ikl :l4l4iM BM -.U 




;;jj;jjj;.-j:^v^iiu 




t VV ''Tt H 'lfl~' 'l lH |i " I HV II H i m ii n i'>' \ \ I r^nTT^'~ in ' M" ' r i ", ■! ' " l i ' M ' . ' !M ' .H !tTI'n' " 







jpBIPTT^l] 







■1 '^ 




D)niestics. WDi(e G)0(ls, Wash Gools, Lloeos. Cartaios, Fansols, Etc., Etc, 

WM, SMALL & CO., ^'\*JItr.rK:^.'"' 



-^Established 1858. * Incorporated t886.VNv 

Great Western Mfg. Co. 



»•" » !< ■ 



Engineers' and Machinists' Supplies, 
Belting, Hose, P acking, grass Qoods, 

Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings, 

Atlas Engines and Boilers, 

Steam Pumps, Injectors, Etc. 



■ >t " fr °>» ♦ !< ■ 



■Main Office and 
Factory, 



Leavenworth, Kan. 



Branch Office and Salesrooms, 
1221-1223 Union Ave., 

Kansas City, Mo. 



JS. p. WII^IvSON, President. 



N. H. BURT, Treasurer. 



W. A. JKFFERS, Secretary 



Greaf^Uiesf^ern Sl^oVe Gompang, 




■**^ 



St. Paul, Minn., OmaM, Neb., Leavenwortli, Kan., Denver, Colo., Tacoma, Wash. 

Manufacturing Cajiacity, 40,000 l^ loves per Annum. 



10MN KMI.I.KV I*r»»tdeot and Tff ttiutrr J C I.YSl.H Viif I'lrnijrtit and S»trrt»rv 

Tf?6[^elIey9Cysle/T\illi9(5(;o. 




NEW ERA 
MILLS. 



1 m m Ti KiUH »» 



High 

r^M.^i^y Grade 
Flour. 

5*20-530 Choctaw Street. 
Leavenvu^ortln, - K.a.nsa.s. 

Lewis Mayo &; Co., 

• ni-:Ai.i-:MN im • 

Seeds, Agriiultural Implements, Wind 
Mills. Tanks and Pumps. 

TELEPHONE 186. 525-527 SHAWNEE ST.. 

LEA yi.SH'OliTil. KAXSAS. 

AERMOTOR CO. 

,A.J^er coiiiplclion, it is galvanized. 
E or-goinj^, ever-growing, everlasting. 
R^ st-proofand storm-proof. 
]\^ ulc from best steel throughout. 
^Jiiginal and genuine steel windmill. 
T''»kes the country wherever it goes. 
^Jficn imitated, never equaled, 
^^cgardless of cost, we make the best 




F. WULFHKUHLER. 



H. W. WUI^FFKUHLER. 



POHLFII^G & CO., 

WHOLESALE GROCERS. 

Established 185». 

CORNER 3D AND 

CHEROKEE 

STREETS. 

LEAVENWORTH, 
KANSAS. 




^ EAVENWORTH p RACKER 



^J 



QMDY p ACTBRY, 

F. A. ROLFS, Proprietor. 



■^^I* 



S.-W. Corner Third and Shawnee Sts., 

Leavenworth, Kansas. 



]VI. S. Cl^Af4T & CO. 

Belleville Threshing Machinery, Wood s Hdryesters and Mowers. Garden Clly 

Plows and Cultivators. 

SCHUTTLER WAGONS, BUGGIES AND CARRIAGES, 

A^l> Kl I.L LIIKs 0» MUl mill «> ^Ts. 

7lb ud CllOClai SlmU. LEAVENWORTH, KAS. 



1858. -^^ 1895. 

THE BITTMANN-TODD GROCER CO. 

i WHOLESALE 4 
I GROCERS. ^^ 

Importing and Jobbing: of Teas a Specialty. 

1 17-119 Shawnee Street, Leavenworth. Kansas. 

The Will. G Hesse & Son Mfg. Co., 

MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH-GRADE 

Carriages, Buggies. Carts, Deliver,- W i. 'ns, Spring and farn) Wagons. 

-^— — •«iioi.»>u.» in VI yns t^» > 

HEAVY HARDWARE AND WAGON MATERIAL. 

Write fur Cat*: .g <;' ah '. I:i ■■ . 

721-723-725 PAWNEE STREET.. 
420-422-408-4I0 CHEROKEE STREET.. 

n: \vi:n>vorth, ... ka:^sa9. 



LEAVENWORTH STEAM LAUNDRY, 

3 1 t DELAWARE STREET, 

f. H. BOEME. Proprietor. W. H. WALKE. Manager. 

^^TELEPHONE No. 173.-^^ 
Work Solicited and Satisfaction Guaraotecd. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



The Louisiana Purchase 13: 

Fort Leavenworth 17 

The Garrison Grounds 22 

The City of Leavenworth 27 

The Assassination of Capt. R. P. Brown 36 

Emory's Road Agents 39 

The Picket Guard on the Lawrence Road 41 

The Phillips Tragedy 43 

Daniel Read Anthony 48 

James H. Lane 57 

The National Home 68 

A Ghastly Sacrilege 72 

Soldiers' Homes in Foreign Lands 75 

Waterloo 86 

The Home-Riverside Coal Co 91 

The Kansas State Prison 94 



♦ « » 



The "Burlington Route" dates back to 1854, the most luxurious^ 
safest and best. See page 100. 



THE " HOME " BAND, 

Of twenty-four pieces, Prof. Pedro C. Meyrelles, Director, give daily 
concerts (except Monday) between the hours of 6 and 7 p. m. The 
Sunday and Wednesday evening selections comprise brilliant and 
popular programs, always enthusiastically supported by the presence 
of the Leavenworth "Four Hundred," and throngs of visitors from 
far and near. These two concerts are given at Lake Jeannette, the 
others at the Franklin Avenue Pavilion. 

I am happy to say in this connection that in Prof. Meyrelles the 
Home " Band has an artist as well as a conductor, and that many of 
his numbers are classic and acceptable, but we are in Leavenworth 
and not in Lisbon, and good straight American music is what we 're 
stuck on, delight in, and hunger for. Millions for " Old Shady," Pro- 
fessor, but not one cent for flap-doodle ki-yies ! 



FORT LEAVtNWORTH 



AND THE 



SOLDIERS' HOME 



WITH SKETCHES OF 



LEAVENWORTH 



AND OF THE 




MEN AND TRAGtDIE' 



/ 



THAT HAVk MADE HER FAMOUS. 



NVALUABLE TO VISITORS. OF WHOM THtRE AKE THOUSANDS 

ANMALLY. 



iA 



PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. 



corvRu.HT yM. bv 
Matthew h. Jamison. 

wr.sTi;»!« BRANCH NATIONAL IIOMK.JP. v;-* 
LEAVKNWDHril COUNTY, KA«». 



KANH*«i CITY. MO 



Meu§e^Bugch Bi'eWing Mw. 

Brewers of FINE BEER Exclusively. 





Our Brands: 

Anheuser-Buscb, 

Standard, 

The Original 

Budweiser, 

The Faust, 

The Munchener, 

The 
Premium Pale, 
The Exquisite. 

Largest 
Brewing 

Capacity 
of any Brewery 
in the World, 
2,000,000 

Barrels and 
100,000,000 

Bottles 
a Year. 




Our Motto in Buying Brew Materials is : 

•NOT HOW CHEAP, BUT HOW GOOD." 

8 



/^•ST 



PRKFATORY. 

To the old soldier, upon whom the world )cx>ks askance: who was 
a convenient refuge in the time of trouble, but who sur\'ives only in 
the derisive smile of Crtrsus who lays his hand convulsively over his 
bags of gold at sight of the apparition of IS'U, apprehensive of alms or 
plunder or both. 

To the old soldier, shadow or relict of the Revolution; the granlher 
of 1S12, the volunteer on the plains of Mexico, the veteran under Grant, 
the old soldier, him in the ranks, the integer in the stout column of 
one hundred thousand men, black with the grime of the pine-kno 
camp-fires, his nostrils full ut dust, his feet full of blisters, bis havcrt 

sack full of sweet potatoes, his canteen full of wh , hi s reast fu 

of loving kindness ; who.se eyes flash at the sound of the first gun lik " 
glow-worm in the dark ; who has a thousand miles in his wake and an- 
other thousand before him ; the {>oor lad, my comratle, from the fall of 
Sumter down to the last gasp «>! the dead and damned Confederacy ; 
who left his l)ones in the Sauth as a pledge of his love for you and 
me — to his memory I dedicate these pages. 



I bless God chiefly for this, that I have believed in something. 

In my youth I stood on Hutiker Hill and worshiped on the spot 
where Warren fell, and in those early days of awakening and unques- 
tioning faith, I l(X)ked up into the benignant face of Abraham Lincoln- 
and in thasc deeply graven, snd, and tragic lines read those les.sons of 
sincerity, patience, and magnanimity unequaled in all the weary ages, 
and which will endure the glorious heritage of the youth of this dear 
land of ours. 

Through him I came to know the full value of our American 
Union, that object-lesson in self-government, uplifted to aspiring 
races, around which is gathered an impregnable bulwark of defense; 
the mast virile people on the ^lobe — a nation of fresh young blood, 
augmented, renewed, and at'rate«l by a continuous influx of the most 
adventurous and daring from tlie uttermost corners of the earth. 

I believe, I wish to believe, and I do V>clieve, thai this mighty 
political fabric called the Federal Union is the head of column of the 
hosts of millennial civilization . that at two in the morning, when the 
morrow is as yet unlimned in the east, our cavalry advance is already 
in the saddle, feeling our way to that glad day, which, under Qod. is 
ours by right of conquest. 

Matthew H. Jamison, 
Western Branch National Home H V. S , April. 1895. 



Xl;^ Greate$t l^etail jjouse 

IN THE WEST. 

105 DBPARTMBNTS. STOCK. $1,250,000. 
FI,OOR AREA, NBARI^Y 7 ACRBS. 




Dry Goods, Millinery, Ladies' Suits, 

Notions, Boys' Clothing, Men's Furnishings, 

Shoes, Jewelry, Silverware, Books, Furniture,, 
Carpets, Wall Paper, Hardware, Candies, New Tea Room, etc. 

Emery, Bird, Thayer & Co., 

SUCCESSORS TO 

KLa.nsa.s City, T^o. 



10 




hliUH/.KMl^^i hU><OiiN. UttAM. hiiMT LKA\ rLNWuM i H. 



Swift ^ Company, 

PORK PACKERS 
and SHIPPERS of 

^^DRESSED BEEE, 
PORK and^_ 
MUTTON. 

Kansas City. Chicago. Soutli Omaha. East St. Louis. 



^;:fe:r»* •^ 



premium Brand 

Hams, 

Breakfast Bacon and 
Kettle-Rendered Leaf Lard. 



A r.r, wrr at 

The Romantic Historx 

or THB 

IMPERIAL DOMAIN KNOWN AS THE "LOUlSlANAfPURCHASE." 



Man is a nomad, Since the gates of Paradise closed behind him 
he has l>een a globe -t rot U-r. always going somewhere and never getting 
t^,' re. husiliuK to K^ithtr filthy lucre on the wing. The mystery of 
-^tMithing just beyond lured him on. He had compassed all lands, 
and it would be hard to name a time when our so-called western wilds 
were unknown to tlu- adventurous footsteps of the questioning 
Caucasian. 

Lieutenant Pike pi-netrated the Southwest in 180A. and found 
James Purcell at Santa I'l"; who was there when Purcell arrived I know 
not. but that there was a Yankee on top of one of those mountains, 
sitting on a herring-box, whittling, no accepted historian could question. 
\Vc know now that Columbus was a laggard discoverer; that Lief 
Ericsson preceded him on the Atlantic coast by a thousand years or so. 
and it is quite probable that the hardy mariners of northern Europe 
had :\ these shorr s before the Christian era. 

. ... ..l..:idan tril>e ol Indians in the Northwest, now almost extinct. 

but numbering twenty-five hundred people at the beginning of the 
century, are of Welch t)rik;in, and when discovere<l and in their purest 
strain, had yellow hair, uid some of them, the women in particular, 
beautiful white complexions. The shipwrecked or adventurous origin 
of this small trilie is lost in obscurity, and can only be traced in their 
language*, but it doubtlc^H extends back many centuries. 

We know withal that Cabeza, following in the wake of Columbus, 
traversed our continent tn 15HI, and that the " ^ under 

Coronado in IWO were the first white men, i:i > ^ .-.v 

the plains of Kansas. 



14 The Romantic History 



French exploring expeditions penetrated these regions early in the 
eighteenth century, and a Spanish expedition from Santa Fe,to counter 
the French attempt to take possession of the country, advanced to a 
point on the Missouri River just below the site of Fort Leavenworth, 
probably on the ground where the city of Leavenworth now stands, 
or on the grounds of the National Home, and here, at night, were 
.attacked by tv;o thousand Indian braves and massacred to a man, 
excepting a priest, who escaped on horseback and returned to New 
Mexico. The Indians, stolid and indifferent, never could be persuaded 
to give up the details of this tragedy; which for mystery and diabolism 
stood for a century the prophecy of the shameless atrocities which 
stained the later history of Leavenworth County under the pale-face. 

Just a century later, to-wit, in 1819, the first steamboat, named 
the Western E^igineer, Major Stephen H. Long, commanding, passed 
up the Missouri River. Major Long, with a corps of topographical 
engineers, made a tour of observation aboard this craft, as far as the 
mouth of the Yellowstone. The boat was a sort of stern-wheel 
water-devil, built to lash the water with her tail and to vomit steam 
and smoke through her escape-pipe, which protruded at the prow in 
the shape of the head of an immense serpent with a red, forked tongue ! 
The superstitious red man gave it a wide berth, under the impression 
that it was a "maniteau" which had come to destroy them. 

Thomas Jeflferson negotiated the purchase of this territory of 
unlimited and undefined boundaries from Buonaparte, First Consul of 
France, in 1803, for $16,000,000, of which amount $4,000,000 reverted 
to American claimants for French spoliations. " Boney" was hard up 
for the "sinews of war," and the sagacious Jeflferson was as smooth as 
old Shylock himself in dealing with him, and this master-stroke — the 
Louisiana Purchase — has never ceased to be the wonder and admira- 
tion of both European and American statesmen ; especially has it 
been the envy of and a thorn to the British. These international 
pirates and freebooters would wrest this vast domain away from us 
by the sword, and it was left to "Old Hickory" to receive them at New 
Orleans, and give their general, Packingham, a hospitable grave. 

The far-seeing Jefferson placed a just estimate upon the vast 
empire that he had acquired west of the Mississippi for a mere song, 
and the year following, 1804, sent out the Lewis and Clark' Exploring 
Expedition to its utmost boundaries. 

It is worth while to remark, eii passa7it, that the silver and gold 



of thf Ij>uisiana Purchase. IS 

ontput of this reprJon for one yenr Is worth double the purchaae price. 
TIk- \vl:cat crop of any one of these Western States Kannas or Cali- 
fornia — would pay the bill. Vca, it is only nece.s-sary for the women 
of this western empire to turn on the feed and their hens can take up 
a little obligation like that in one day. You can see for yourself that 
when "Boney" left the effete nuinarchies of Europe to monkey with a 
Yankee, that he wasn't in it : but let us shut up, — France got back on 
us when her Rothschilds made us a four per cent loan worth only two! 
That 's what we get for plun^^ing twice into the innocuous desuetude of 
Clevelandism. We will know better than to renew ad: i!.le 

actjuainlance next time — mayl>cl Eternal earthquakes I \n ; uk 

of that loan — but the Democrats always did think that we had "money 
to bum." 

I see : our muttons are getting cold, and we will resume. Lieu- 
tenant Pike, as already hinted, under orders from the Government, 
led an expedition as far as tht- Rocky Mountains in lSOf\, and chris- 
tened the lofty peak which benrs his name. And enterprising trappers, 
hardy and daring men, friendly with the Indians, and who became 
identified with the tribes by ! pitched ' ptig the 

li. mills of the beaver in the ii; le and in Here 

we find Kit Carson and old Hill Williams, who gave Carson his first 
lesson in frontier life, as earlv .is 1820 and before, when for twenty 
years they never slept under a roof nor saw the face of a white woman. 
When we reflect upon the privations and perils endured by these early 
• ' :s, and hunt tied in 

\vho were a*^ y to its 

most di.Htant verge as the ren<!rr is with his own back yard, it seems 
i' ' ' ' • that the public c\ > r could " " <n carrie<l .» • so 

t nt a fraud as the .tI!' ged ex; is of John C iit, 

who. two hundred years after Cabeza and Coronado, fifty years aflcr 

the t ■ T^wis .T , mountain 

and ry a.s an ,, 

.\fter "Uncle Tom" Benton had become reconciled to the young 
iHUtcnant who had • in his 

place in the Senate, a' . ^ . arrow- 

ing picture of the skeleton men of Fn^mont's picnic excursion leading 
s' ' ' horses over tr.n- " " h hi.s 

V. t Carstin. and his .. L- .-un! 

forth, twenty times without thoaght of l>eing considered heroe^ 



„ The Romantic History 



Fncouragedby the eloquence ofWs father-in-law, the "Pathfinder 

M ^ ^o hfs roll and made the most of it ; gravely announcing to a 
tumbled to '^•^J'^f ^:!^^^i been where human footnever trod before, 
dazzled universe that having shades of innocent old 

r/^lk'^ILeTrLt bro::P:^kwic.! bestir thyself; here. 
Pickwick ! Sage, se no , ^^^ ^^.^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^f 

anotherrival! Kit fecund the ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ,,,,!,, ,Hh 

thejourney but the Path ^^^^^^^ ^^ congratulate the 

the enthusiasm "f "^^^.^.f, L C/»7.^5M.«"/ Fremont 

country onj^- ^«° ; jt the sense that he represented the sover- 
wasuseful na smallway ^^^.^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^1^^^^^^^ 

Xh h:^::::ed "; the standard of the Republic as against the 

., 'o'^-^n veracious pen, by a^a^ew^^^^^^^ n.ae in^ .^s^owr. 

^'-rirtXuTr wWle Ca^sorstopped to skin one of the beasts 
mayed, he tells us, ''"g^,,i„„ed fearlessly onandbrought 

it\tJ;it:;h'h^*:vor;:xU^^^^^^^ 

down a buu w ^j^ Colonel Mason called him down 1 

this affair *au he tep'^^y^ ^„ d„ hty explorer should 

T" "^:^his courage for Lr contingencies under"Pap" Price, oras 
fb;r;rga!:srhis propensity to turn tail before Stonewall Jackson 

"" n'ornarLly John C. Fremont escaped having greatness thrust 
rhrnX%rr°tCu:-o":itnia m the wake of Kit Carson, 

-n:;::^:nSCTg;Tydivided-osciiiatedinpa.^ 

Horse, ana me entitled to posthumous honors. 

"•"vinVX o- a:^:tirin the foregoi'ng introductory lines to 
a ha?ty su'rvey of the vast domain in which we are situated, let us 

"" Fort^TLvlwo't'the city of Leavenworth, and Leavenworth 



of ike LouisioMa Purchase. 



I si t i:i i\ii t n I"*: I 



17 



o&i^^^^um^iifvTJ 



PHOTOGRAPHER. ., /"r;™; 



inoo-linr: u (/ n; r SI U I.I I. 

Misstn III. 




McPiiBaaDji Haix axo.Pakk BoruiVAmD. Po«t Lkavbkwobth. 

rhiefly in the following, to-wit : the Fort, the city, the National Home, 
and the Kansas State Prison, which lie in echelon alon); the west 
shore of the Missouri River in the order n.imcd. They came into 
existence in the order given, except that the State Pri'«nn ranks the 
National Home by "date of commission." 

T' lain dcfr ' ' iice wr. .c 

birth. aiid p; -Is prct. c 

this dominating quality in the lives of great men and in the history of 
the f ' • ■ . . . ,^ 

ofthr :c. 

that peculiar, indefinable, triumphant something which determines 
the i:; • '■ ■ On 

lines ; stance 

of a notable spot wherein we may mark in its larger and more com- 



18 The Romantic History 

plex perspective ihe divinity which hedges us about, which thwarts 
our purpose, which, when we would go here, with commanding finger 
says, "Go there ! " and we go, whether we will or no. 

Under orders from the War Department, Col. Henry H. Leaven- 
worth, 3d U. S. Infantry, with four companies of his regiment, pro- 
ceeded to select the site for "a permanent cantonment, on the left bank 
of the Missouri River, within twenty miles of the mouth of the I^ittle 
Platte, above or below that point." In pursuance of these instructions, 
Col. L^eavenworth directly violated them by fixing the site on the right 
or Kansas shore instead of the left or Missouri bank, for the very good 
reason that no suitable ground could be found on the latter. _ 

With delightful confidence in his own infallibility and discretion, 
early in June, 1827, before the official approval of his selection reached 
him, the erection of log barracks was begun and the post named "Can- 
tonment I/cavenworth," a name retained down to the year 1832, when 
it became "Fort I^eaven worth," under orders from the War Depart- 
ment changing the names of all "Cantonments" to "Forts." 

The reservation contains nine square miles, or 7,000 acres. The 
original Fort composed a square, on each of the four corners of which 
was a log block-house, pierced for musketry. Within this square were 
the officers' quarters, the warehouses, and stables. This structure gave 
way in time to more permanent improvements, and there is still stand- 
ing, on a line with the south end of McPherson Hall, extending east- 
ward, a heavy stone wall, pierced for musketry, and with an embrasure 
for one gun, the whole being a relic of the earliest provision against 
attack by Indians or other foes. The original four companies brought 
with them into the wilderness four cows, which, together with their 
calves, were corralled on rising ground in rear of the camp, which as 
yet was unprovided with defences, and one night the soldiers were 
aroused by a great bellowing and commotion in the cattle-yard. A 
prowling bruin had scented meat from the neighboring jungle, fol- 
lowed up the wind, and attacked the calves, which brought the mater- 
nal bovines with a rush to the rescue, and four to one proving too 
much for the bear, he made a break for the brush, taking a course in 
his precipitate flight directly toward the company tents, one of which 
he dashed through, bringing down poles and tent in the general wreck, 
the boys yelling, some firing at the brute, which scorned all opposition 
and in the most nimble and enterprising fashion cleared out with a 
whole hide. 



of the lj>Hisiana Purchast !'.» 

Mistury, let us remind the reader. ouKht i • .^utteii with due 
gravity and with special nllc>{iance to facts, which is our sufficient 
apology for introducing the afore^^aid "bear story," and all Rood and 
loyal Americans are expected to show becoming gratitude therefor. 
Moreover, we warn all an.l sin>;ular that this chronicle is entrenched 
behind an impregnable fortress of documents and faithful witnesses, 
and that it would l>c a piece of foolhardy recklessness to doubt or 
question, or to meanly "let on." or "if I mi^ht be jHrrmitted to express a 
misgiving" — no. sir ; this history is not for the faithless and unl>eliev- 
ing. but for you —our glorious elect, who stagger at nothing that con- 
tains a bear story ! And let us proceed : Mr. James H. Beddow — 
United Slates Deputy Marshal, referred to elsewhere in this work — is 
the only remaining connecting link with these earliest days of "Can- 
tonment Leavenworth." The Deputy was the intimate friend and 
associate of Sergeant Kllis, one of Col. Leavenworth's men. who. in 
his old age, lived on his pension in the vicinity -^ '^ ■ ?■ ■•• nt Westfiti, 
Missouri. 

Fort Leavenworth was established for the protection of the Santa 
F<: traders from the incursions of the Indians who had begun to plun- 
der the caravans passing in yearly increasing numl>ers over this route. 
From lS3r> to 184r> Col. DodRc. 3d U. S. Dragoons, occupied the Fort, 
and during the years lH4W-r»(» the years of the great hegira to the Cal- 
ifornia gold fields, 70,(MK) men. women, and children passed through 
this reservation to Utah. Califomia, and Oregon. 

It is impossible to look coldly down upon ground hallou<.<i >> im. 
footprints of the immortals. The flower of the old army spent portions 
of their service here, and now fill the graves of heroes, or still linger 
in honorable retirement. Here Col. K. V. Sumner used to bring Stur- 
gis, the athlete, up with a round turn for a slip in his conduct of the 
company drill, and here it was that Sturgis, too, was wont to meet all 
comers, barring none, for he was a very Hercules in strength. Gen. 
Winfield S. HanccKk was once Ouartermasterat the Fort and afterward 
Department Commander; Charley May, of Mexican fame; theSteeles: 
old Braxton Bragg, when he was a subaltern ; Canby. since the Cix^l 
War,' treacherously assa.ssinatcd in the Lava Beds ; Mci^^js. (Juartcr- 
master-General during the Civil War; Stephen W. and Phil. Kearney ; 
Marcy, Sully, and "Uncle John" Sedgwick, of glorious memory. 

Here the Kearney Kxpedttion was organized and set out on their 
famous march to Lower i'alifornia in IM'V And from thence Kit 



20 The Romantic History 



Carson with an escort of fifty volunteers made one of his oft-repeated 
return journeys to California. Kit at this time (1.847) was a lieutenant 
in the Rifle Corps of the U. S. Army. Here in 1847 Gen. Stephen W. 
Kearney arrived from California, having with him, John C. Fremont, 
under arrest for mutinous conduct on the Pacific coast. From thence 
Maj. John W. Sedgwick, commanding dragoons, operated in the early 
Kansas troubles, which he survived to become a distinguished leader 
in the battles of Fredericksburg and The Wilderness, meeting his death 
at Spottsylvania. Here the dilettante Magruder, in "the days befo' de 
wall," improvised military pageants for the delectation of the crowd 
and the emolument of the powder contractor. From thence Gen. 
Joseph Lane's Expedition to Oregon began their march in 1848, and 
Captain Stansbury's Expedition to Salt Lake in 1849. From thence 
the new military road leading west 039 miles to Fort Kearney, to con- 
nect with the California and Oregon trails, was constructed in 1850. 

Fort Eeavenworth was the great frontier depot for the other mil- 
itary posts on the Santa Fe and Oregon routes and the general rendez- 
vous for troops proceeding to western posts. 

In 1853 the expedition for the preliminary survey of the route for 
the Pacific Railway was here organized and proceeded west under 
Fremont and the Surveyors-General ; and here in 1850-7 was organized 
the great Utah Expedition under Albert Sidney Johnston, with Robert 
E. Lee as Chief of Staff, — a demonstration gotten up to overawe the 
refractory Brigham Young and his rebellious Mormon contingent. 
And here old Parson Kerr, chaplain at the Fort during the Kansas 
l^rologue, full of the pro slaveiy virus, prayed for civil war as a bless- 
ing! Here died, in 1858, Gen. Persifer F. Smith, whose remains were 
conveyed to a steamboat by Gen. Harney with a troop of cavalry, a 
batallion of infantry, and a section of artillery. An honorary escort 
of notable officers officiated as pall-bearers on this occasion. This 
event in the history of the garrison will recall to the loiterers of a past 
generation the stately and impressive measures of "The Persifer F. 
Smith March," as given on the piano in the fashionable drawing-rooms 
throughout the Union in ante-bellum days. 

Here the gallant Reno was Ordnance Officer when the guns of 
Sumter placed the solemn signet of the Lord God upon the death of 
slavery ; here the knightly son of Mars answered to his name, and 
went quickly to the post of duty. At the capital of the nation he was 
given a Major-general's commission and a bloody grave at Chautilly ! 



of the tj^uisiana Purcho 21 



Custer, whose life went out in liloody eclipse on the Rosebutl, was 
here frecjucnlly with the famous 7th Cavahy after the war; and (ien. 
Philip H. Sliericlan had his headquarters here for a short time since 
the war, and might have rem lined indefinitely but for a difference 
whicharosc between himself and the Recorder touching the limit of fast 
driving under the city ordinances. The l'*gend goes that l>oth man and 
• juadruped took to cover when they saw "Little Phil" coming down 
IJroadway like an arrow shot from the Ikjw. and objection arose to the 
introiluction of Winchester lime over tlie crossings where women and 
children were wont to pass, and the local justice snbscribed to the pre- 
vailing prejudice to the extent of a hundred-dollar fine. This Sir 
Philip resented in high dudgeon, and his wrath was never appeased, 
although his friends in the city, as a foil, paid the fine, and followed 
the matter up by appearing at his head<iuarters, hat in hand, with 
apologies done up in tin foil ami presented on a gold-lined silver salver, 
but he would hear none of tliera, and went down to his grave with 
his noble rage unplacated ; and common folk used to say that for all 
they knew "he might have iK-en a good general, but on occasion he 
could he a mighty small man." The general of the army put the 
finishing touches on his/u//i /^</j by shaking the dust of the Fort from 
his military trousers and hied him to the more congenial environment 
of Chicago, and they do say that this little affair cost the city of 
Leavenworth a round sum in lat army contracts. 

Gen. William T. Sherman, then a captain in the Comraisspry 
Department, visited the Fort in 185*2 to inspect cattle destined for Col. 
Sumner's command in New Mexico, and found the Oovernment Reser- 
vation then, as now. "a most beautiful spot." but the site of the city 
of l^eavenworlh at that time w.is " a tangled thicket." and there were 
no whites settled tiien in this wild Indian country. 

The Fort was the temporary seat of the territorial rtovernnienl 
in I *>.'»». and here A. H. Recder. the first Governor of the Territory of 
Kansas, was welcomed and entertained ot? hi*; nrrivnl in the nntntnn of 
that year 

All through the RelH:lll'Ml the r.iii w.i^ tm :..isr ■>; snjij.ms 11. 1 

the semi Iwrbarous war of tlu Iwrder. and the plains of the Reserva- 
tion north of the city, during IWll-ft. was the scene of a vast military 
encampment : and here, at the close of the grc-' ::le for the pres- 
ervation of the I'nion, on July 1, lNrt6. at the i .ent Farm, on 
Login Avenue, G.: i. Jame^ H. Lane, U. S. senator, died the death of 
the suicide. 



22 



The Romaniic History 



ORGANIZED 1863. No. 182- 

E. N. MORRILL. President. J. W, FOGLER, Vice-President. 

C. PEAPER, 2d Vice-President. AMOS E. WILSON, Cashier. 

FiR5TK/iTiO|^/iLB/i|^K. 

LEAYENWORTTH, KANSAS. 
Capital $300,000. U. S. Depository. 

DIRECTORS. 

E. N. MORRILL. MATHEW RYAN. HKNRY ETTENSON. 

O. n. TAYLOR. JOHN KKLLEY. J. W. FOGLER. 

W.DENTON. A. J.TULLOCK. C. PEAPEK. 

Deals in Foreign and Domestic Exchange and issues letters ot credit on all points in Europe. 




The M.iLL .\xd Anciext Barr.^cks. 



THE GARRISON GROUNDS. 



A lovelier spot for the invalid or pleasure-seeker to while away the 
long summer days cannot be found in a journey of a thousand miles. 
The air is pure and exhilarating, the climate mild and equable, and 
not so exhausting and dangerous to asthmatics and consumptives as 
the Colorado plains along the base of the Rocky Mountains. Asthma 
patients at the Hospital of the Western Branch of the National Home, 



of tkg ijOMisiama Purehaif. '«'•'{ 



who were doing well here, made the mistake of goiu}; tu Denver, and 
died there within two weeks of their arrival, and we l>elieve it to be a 
mild statement of the truth that the atmosphere here in Leavenvvortli 
County i» as tonic as that of Colorado without its too often fatal rare- 
fication. The climate here coinmends itself to all as the true golden 
mean, and a highly beneficial auxiliar>* to health-seekers is now supplied 
in natural salt-water baths through the medium of a convenient and 
ample natatorium. situated near the Trolley line, on the Reservation. 

The garrison avenues, named after eminent soldiers, are l"- 
promenades, and a fine boulevard leads south faum the I'ort, thro;^^,.. 
the city, past the grounds of the National Home and on southward, 
terminating at the Kansas State Prifton in Lansing, — a drive altogether 
of seven miles, or a round-trip of fourteen miles. 

The Trolley will carry the visitor in a continuous ride over five 
miles of this route, or ten miles the round trip, and over other i- 
of the city streets by connecting branches of the same system, aiu. .... 
for one fare. 

"Sheridans Drive." on the ki >H?rvation. is a distinct and romantic 
rustic serpentine, complete in itscU. The route lies along the crest of a 
chain of hills, or semi-mountains, and afTords varied and extensive 
views of the city, river, valley, and far-lying hamlet. 

Innumerable fine drives lending past the Reservation and out of 
the city in every direction lend interest, enjoyment, and recreation to 
the tired mind and body, and one can easily count a score of fal.sely 
celebrated resorts and watering places, which l>car no comparison in 
wheeling attractions— bike or sttpper— tothe city of Leavenworth and 
environs. Where on this earth 'will you go to find a more beautiful 
pastoral region than the river counties of sunny eastern Kansas? and 
the chiefest of these is Leavenworth, the fruit center of the Missouri 
Valley. Take a spin along Salt Creek Valley, or out on the "Stranger." 
and verify our claim. The tourist, vacation idler, and health-seckrr 
can here find a change from the i onventional re.sort, which has nothing 
but the dining room to relieve its utter weariness and ennui. 

Leavenworth County is a land of orchards, gardens, and v::v 
yards, and while our tables offer a bill of fare second to none we 1. 
the shady avenues where lofty elms abound, and fruitful fields \\ 

Iwunlies not only satisfy' ' • ' •■ i . -i . , # .. 

the eye. I have stood v. 

town— Pilot Knob, the elevated table lands oi the Salt Creek Range. 



24 The Romantic History 

and the crests of the hills of Laiismg — and looked, many a time and oft, 
upon scenes as exquisitely beautiful as may be seen anywhere in this 
dear native land of ours ! I do not point the reader to sublimity o 
effect here, but he who in the love of nature stands upon these sum- 
mits will see the sky bending above outstretched vistas as fair as 
"Scotland's red moors and golden burn." 

There is no pleasanter spot for the loiterer than the Garrison 
Grounds during the vernal season. The Main or Central Parade 
Ground is a beautiful park of shaded green sward, on which is held 
the Guard Mount every morning in summer, and Dress Parade in the 
evening. Here the flag-staff and pieces of artillery give token of the 
military character of the place, and serve as a gentle reminder of the 
glory and power of the Republic. As we stroll along we see, flashing 
through the foliage on the opposite side of the .square, a troop going 
through the sword exercise, or a company of infantry drilling in the 
manual. On the West End Parade are held the battalion and skirmish 
drills and maneuvers. At the Riding School visitors repair to a pri- 
vate gallery,where they may witness the cavalry drills and exhibitions 
given daily during the fall and winter months. Daring riders here 
often perform equestrian feats which rival the professional displays in 
the Circus Maximus, 

The answering bugle calls, the rat-tat of accompanying drums, the 
quick movements of the sprightly, strong, young braves in their smart 
uniforms, the sharp word of command, the martial strains of the Mili- 
tary Band, complete a war picture on a "peace footing," further soft- 
ened by groups of merry children at play, or speeding vehicles crowned 
with batteries of bright eyes in brave array ! 

The buildings and improvements on the Reservation cost in the 
aggregate away beyond the $4,000,000 mark. The barracks are two- 
story brick structures, with broad verandas extending the length 
thereof. Here the companies are comfortably housed and enjoy the 
conveniences of civilized life, including reading-rooms and a good pub- 
lic library. Some of these barracks are quite venerable in appearance, 
having stood, as now, for a half century or more. There are two 
places for public worship: an antique Roman Catholic chapel and a 
very handsome Protestant structure. Some notable buildings have 
been erected in recent years, among them the new Mess Hall, Gaiet}^ 
or Amusement Hall, and Schofield Hall, where the officers are quar- 
tered. The garrison buildings entire are heated from a central power- 



oj ike Louiiitma Purchasf. 



25 




Diamonds aud Jewelry. 

w. OWhiim, 



L,eQ\'en\\'nri\\ 



ManufncturinK Jcwelt-r. 

400 OelfiWcMre Street. 
- - - - Kansns. 




A HK.MAL CllOt-r. 

house, a.H at the National Home : the grounds arc policed and swept 
daily. an<I ns. 

The. ng capacity of about 1. <*•">. 

This suberb dining hall is neatly furnished and the kitchen equipment 
ranks with the best mcxicrn <> cs of the kind. 

Instruction supplemental t given nt West Point is fur- 

nished at Fort Leavenworth, in a School of Application for Cavalry 
and Infantry. All lieutenants form a part of the schocl and are sent 



26 The Romantic History 



to this point every two years. The first class take a course in Mili- 
tary and International Law, Mahan's Outposts, Field Fortification, 
Signaling and Telegraphy, Operations of War, etc. — everything as 
taught by the great military masters. The second class are drilled in 
the common branches, and receive instruction in Field Fortification, 
Surveying, and Field and Garrison Duty. 

At the Military Prison, where trades are taught, and whose inmates 
erect all the buildings under the supervision of a competent paid fore- 
man, and police the grounds, material worth $250,000 is annually 
manufactured into boots and shoes, harness, brooms, barrack chairs, 
etc.; all the needs of the army being met in this way. 

One of the most interesting objects on the Garrison Grounds is 
Taft's colossal statue of Gen. U. S. Grant. It occupies a coign of 
vantage between Grant and Pope Avenues, On the north face of the 
granite pedestal, on a bronze tablet, the General and his staff are 
shown in bas-relief, and on a similar tablet on the south face are the 
names of the engagements in the Mexican War in which the Genera^ 
participated as a young lieutenant, and where he won his first brevets ; 
and following, the names of his famous victories during the Civil War. 

Southwest of the Garrison proper, at the distance of half a mile, 
lies the National Cemetery, with park grounds adjoining, on which is 
a permanent speaker's platform for memorial assemblies and exercises. 
Here, wdthin a substantial stone enclosure, lie the remains of about 
3,000 dead, gathered, for the most part, from remote outposts on our 
frontier, among them five commissioned officers who fell with Custer 
on the Rosebud, the General's brother Tom being one of them. 

Here, in the visible presence of a glorious past, teeming with mem. 
ories of knightly heroism fast fading into that oblivion which is our 
destined end and way, we uncover in silent salutation to breathe a 
prayer for the heroic souls who dared all, who endured all, who gave 
up all for home and country and flag. 



of Ike Louiiiana Pnr(ha\f 27 

TlIK CITY OK LKAVKN WORTH 

was born in 1S54. The birth was illegitimate, the offspring of illicit 
love— of gain. The tcrrilor>' of which the town-site is a part passed 
by purchnsc. as the reader is aware, from France to the I*: "es. 

and thence by treaty to th»* Delaware Indians, who were • rs. 

pledged as such by the inviolable faith of the nation. 

The town company was the little toe on the foot of mamlcsi des- 
tiny. Whenever the Democratic party undertook to outrage, or suc- 
ceeded in trampling upon the plighted faith of the Government as 
declared in the most solemn forms of public law and le^al enactment, 
it was called " manifest destiny. " The Leavenworth Town Company 
was compo.sed of Democrats of the best barb-wire Platte County stripe, 
to whom it was manifestly the correct thing to s<|nat upon ground 
owned by others and proceed to sur\'ey a town site and to do all and 
singular pertaining to the evolution of bare-faced highway robbery. 
The long-.suffering red man looked on too full for utterance, and the 
strategic town company took good care to keep him full- of taffy and 
the worst brand of Kentucky .sour— till the lands were ceded in due 
form, and a patent obtained, which took about three years. 

The town was originally named " Douglas." in compliment to the 
contemporary Illinois senator for his burglarious ser\'iccs in breaking 
down the compromi.sc of 1M*J(>. but afterward assumed the nomenclature 
of the founder of the Fort in the fond hope and expectation that, like 
Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Detroit, which were all built con- 
tiguous to forts, the town would prosper and become great, and withal 
become the capital of the Territory. Having driven his slake, the ail- 
too- fresh pale-face set about with commendable energy to build a city- 
Yesterday there was a tangled thi> kct.today there is a steam-engine in 
the ojK'n excitedly "sawing out il^ i lolhes," to become decently clad and 
composed before some wandering squaw or worse surprise should take 
it unawares. Four tents bore it company, "all on one street." a Iwrre* 
of water or whisky on tap, and the dinner-pot on a pole over the fire. 
It was a condition and not a theory, and the star of empire came and 
stood over where the young child was. in the form of a t -er. 

under a cottonwood tree, with his case bcfof'- ^i'n ^' ; '"^^ 

together the first number of the new paper." 

The new birth did not he erupt -y. 

and at a very tender age had .i ^.:igout ol i ...... :nic. 

The feathcrless squab called Ki<. kapoo, on the north, with its thirty 



28 The Romantic History. 

cabins, signed articles for the race, and the aspiring hamlet once known 
as Delaware, southward, now in its senile old age a sort of annex ta 
the State Prison graveyard, also put in for the cup. 

Leavenworth had about five hundred legal votes, and, in the full 
assurance of a big majority, laughed to scorn the landings on either 
side of her. But while she slept the tares grew. Kickapoo had one 
hundred and fifty bo7ia fide voters, but she was up at dawn on elec- 
tion day and a-doing. Her faithful mighty men sent a herald over 
among the pro-slavery allies in Missouri, and the ferry was kept busy 
in transferring voters to the Kansas side to support the cause sacred 
to Kickapoo. The result was a poll of 850 votes. Illustrious Dela- 
ware down in the brush on the river bank east of Lansing, moved by 
the Quaker spirit, got in some fine work also, She had a poll of fifty 
votes to begin with, and, undismayed, went desperately at work to over- 
come the odds : hired a steamboat to transfer a competing contingent 
across the river. She kept the polls open three days, and proclaimed 
a total cast of 900 ballots. The decision was first given to Kickapoo, 
on the ground that keeping the polls open for three days was an 
"unheard-of irregularity" among a people disciplined from the cradle- 
in the fine distinctions of Platte County "law and order." Kickapoo- 
and Delaware died of marasmus, and Leavenworth held a count3^-seat 
wake over the remains of her defunct rivals. 

In the long ago the Big Muddy, true to its ancient cult, attempted 
to chide in the direction of Santa Fe, New Mexico, anticipating by 
some years the overland freight route to that point. The great bend 
at Atchison was the point of departure, but, out of disgust for the 
name of that town, the Serpentine came to itself and resumed its course 
toward the Mississippi. Atchison, situated on the outer rim of this 
detour, has always plumed itself on the fact that it has, in consequence 
of this crook, twenty miles the start westward of Leavenworth and 
some sixty miles the bulge on Kansas City. In the early days, when 
that town was given over to a reprobate mind, on account of an un*^or- 
tunate christening, she blindly contended that her position westward, 
of her river rivals should give her the prestige of a leader in the Mis- 
souri Valle}^ Fortune hesitated in making this award, but Atchison 
is right ; and if she can hold out, her ambition will be realized, for by 
the close of the twentieth century she will find herself at the foot of the 
Rocky Mountains, where she can "go snax" with Denver and become- 



Louisiana Purchase. 29 

a part of the national infirmnry for the distempered jjer cent of our 
countrymen. 

The exerciM.-* .m. n-w i :'->ut to open, so to s{>eak, and I suppose 
from this year of grace IS.' i, ih*\vn throU);h all the years immediately 
preceding the war and continuing on to the sacking uf Lawrence, in 
IWU, there was more of what old Shag-nasty Jim. of the Lava Beds, 
would call "fun." more of that beastly, ghastly, border- ruffian hilarity 
in the town of Leavenworth and the Territory of Kansas to the square 
yard than on any other spot on earth since the days of Herod the 
Tetrarch. 

Alma«t everybody that ever was anyl>ody, at some time or other, 
has taken a hand at molding the clay out of which was formed the 
commonwealth of Kansas, and as the early history of the city of Leav- 
enworth is so intimately associated with that of the infancy of the 
Territor>', we will survey the retrospect as a whole, for there are 
many exits and entrances and many figures coming and going on a 
scene where amity and the softer phases of human intercourse count 
for little, but where, on the contrar>', the fierce hate and savagery of 
degraded man has l>een summoned to carry out a deliberate political 
purpose — that of condemning virgin soil dedicated to freedom to the 
enslavement of man. 

The plot was matured in Washington in 1H58, under the patron- 
age of one Pierce, of New Hampshire, now forgotten, but then occupy- 
ing the White House : and that i>art of Missouri known as the Platte 
Purchase, across the river from Leavenworth, and the home of David 
K. Atchison and the pugilist Benjamin Franklin Stringfellow. became 
prccnuncntly the border ruffian legion. or base of i 
invasion of Kansas. It wason tlii> ground in l*^.'»4,a■ 
Stringfellow, in a public speech advocating invasion, said : "Mark 
trven.' s mg you who i^ in the least t.i 
ism au' c him ' Ni thcr i^ivc nnr t 
rascal 

Six wr re the 

was held a _ \ery con > i 

I'ounty, which announced that slavery already existed in Kansas, and 
that, u; • ■ ■ . . , ... 

had sh- t 

perstusion would do well to make a note on t ' About thi.s time Ben- 
jamin Franklin Stringfellow- the dear old sport, a mixture of Uncle 



30 The Romantic History 

Ben Franklin, of Philadelphia, with Sixteen-String Jack, which 
always hurt me — went on to Washington, and, on the showing that 
western Missouri had 50,000 slaves worth $25,000,000, demonstrated 
to the satisfaction of Davis, Toombs & Co. that 2,000 of these slaves 
placed early on Kansas soil would make a slave State out of it. 

William H. Seward, in 1854, from his place in the United States 
Senate, responded to these threats of the slave power in the following 
words : "Come on then, gentlemen of the slave States; since there is 
no escaping your challenge, I accept in behalf of freedom. We will 
engage in competition for the virgin soil of Kansas, and God give the 
victory to the side that is strongest in numbers as it is in the right ! " 

A. H. Reeder, an easy-going, honest, speculating Keystone Dutch- 
man of florid speech, was the first territorial Governor, who arrived 
at the lycavenworth landing in October, 1854, on the steamer Polar 
Star, a Mississippi boat, which survived the snags and sawyers of our 
western waters to transport the writer's regiment and another, part of 
Pope's Army of the Mississippi, from Island No. 10 to the attack upon 
the rebel works on Chickasaw Bluffs, above Memphis, in the spring 
of 1862. 

The pro-slavery mob which welcomed Reeder, looked upon him 
as their tool, and anticipated a pic-nic in the work of placing Kansas 
on the black list. In the pursuit of this purpose there was a gather- 
ing of the clans in the early spring of 1855 for the election of mem- 
bers to the Territorial Legislature. Claib Jackson — you remember 
Claib — the wandering Governor of poor old Missouri in the days when 
Gen. Nathaniel lyyon was helping her to make up her mind "which way 
she ought to go": Claib crossed the river with 1,000 men to give the 
Territory of Kansas the benefit of a neighborly lift at the polls. Claib 

said, among other things, that "the d Yankee might vote, but 

he would do some of the balloting also, and all of the counting." He was 
as good as his word. When one of his men presented a ballot a judge 
of the election said : "Are you a resident of Kansas? " "Yes." When 
the judge persisted : "Does your family live in Kansas? " The bor- 
der ruffian drew his revolver and answered : " you! that is none 

of your business," and added, shoving his gun into the judge's face : "I 
want you to git out o' here, or I'll blow — out of you." The judges vaca- 
ted the premises without ceremony, and there was a beastly majority 
in that precinct for the pro slavery candidate. Atchison, Stringfellow 
& Co. participated also in these festivities, and brought with them in 



4^ the Louisiana Purchase. '>\ 1 



all about 5.tKX) of Platte County perfectionists to see that "law and 
order" prevailed outside of Missouri, since there was so little of it at 
home. This pro slavery missionary force were l»tH ' ' * 

with "Arkans.iw'loolhpicks. whisky, lud whatever 
terial lay at hand, to which additions were made from the stock of aboli- 
tionists as opportunity p' ■ 1 itself. One enterprising Yankee in 
Leavenworth County ■ himself to count«;r the Blue Lodge 

method of carrying the election in'.his precinct, and sought the neigh- 
boring lotlges of the red man for votes, whereupon the following e>li- 
male of the relative merits of Yankees and Pukes was evolved : ' (fOo<l 
man — heap — Yankee town. Missouri — bad — heap — heap— heap— d— 
um." Being further p: * in favor of '/ 

the Indian retired for .i > '-s, and at lei. a 

and said: "Tinkum four days — den vote heap — heapum — some time 
— maybe I *' 

The bulldozed judges of election meekly accepted the voice of 
Missouri at the Kansas polls as the voice of "manifest destiny." whilst 
Atchison. Stri" & C<v, ' ' the pint ts of the dog- 

geries with tlu 11 they i' : again ; : .ii the flowing 

bowl, and drank damnation to all enemies of the sUve power whom- 
soever. The fraudulent poll f<>; ' rs of the T 
free-state men to the true situ .1 Williai 

worth, a respected attorney and property-holder in good circumstances, 
a man of earnest convict! ' ;t of quiet <! : and orderly 

deportment, was active, in with oilier k ' true men. in 

framing and presenting a petition to Gov. Recder to have the election 
8c' ■ lily so, antl Phillips w 

•It ^ He. In those days iIk: r 

comer of Cherokee and Main Streets, near the landing, an old elm-tree, 
in wh' ■>lies were wont t-" 

Here, r the unsettled v 

crowd came together for a general reckoning of election scores, the set- 

th: • * • . •• ' ■ ' 

tl». 

ities, political and otherwise, and doggery quarrels of every description. 

And it 

factor I 

ing, and from the entire history of the town down to the present hour, 

life would be more toleratde and the flow of blood much less than it 



32 The Romantic History 

has been. A crowd of Missouri toughs organized the meeting and 
made rulings to suit their own purposes as each item of business came 
before them. Among the number present w£ s a young free-state man 
from Vermont — Cole McCrea by name — a fearless, alert, determined 
man, below the medium size; who had a claim in dispute, which was 
being ruled upon adversely to him. This he resented in the usual 
Western style, and the lie passed, and Malcolm Clark, the leader of the 
pro-slavery party and chairman of the meeting, rushed upon McCrea, 
who shot him dead, and another would have been killed, but he stum, 
bled and fell over a sand-bank, and the ball intended for him passed 
over his head. McCrea, stunned by a blow on the head from behind^ 
ran, dazed, and jumped to the armpits into the river, where he was 
captured and held under guard while preparations went on for hanging 
him, which would have been done but for the timely arrival of a com- 
pany of dragoons, which took him to the Fort and placed him in con- 
finement. McCrea escaped from the Fort and returned east, but made 
his appearance on the streets of lycavenworth again in 1859. A reward 
of $2,000 had been offered for him by the bogus Legislature, and he 
was arrested and jailed, but the free-state men of the town, no 'onger 
terrorized by the bushwhackers of the island and the eastern shore, 
got out the old Kickapoo cannon and went down to the jail and 
released him. McCrea, advanced in years, is now a member of the 
Western Branch of the National Home. 

William Phillips, aforesaid, attended and probably participated 
in a quiet way in the meeting under the elm-tree, and was charged, 
through malice, with being an accomplice of McCrea's, and was 
ordered to leave town. Leavenworth at this time was a nest of the 
frontier criminal class, where indiscriminate robbery and murder and 
the proscription of free-state men were the chief concern and pastime. 
One Lyle, a member of the pro-slavery gang, but who claimed to be a 
friend of Phillips and who often enjoyed his hospitality, found him 
working in his garden one day and engaged his attention while a con- 
federate approached and seized his coat hanging on the fence, which 
contained his revolver. A mob in waiting came up at the instant and 
hustled their victim into a boat and pulled to the Missouri shore ; 
thence he was taken to Weston, the ferry-crossing above the Fort, 
where he was barbarously mal-treated; stripped, one side of his head 
shaved, and his body tarred and feathered ; then he was ridden on a rail 
through the town to the music of old tin pans and cow-bells, and finally 



of the Louisiana Purtha^t. 83 

put on the auction-block and sold by a ** nigger" for one cent— after 
this fashion : *' How much, gentlemen, for a full l)loodctl at)olitionist, 
dyed in the wool : tar, feathers, and all I How much, gentlemen ? he'll 
go at the first bid." He was taken, finally, to an old pork-house on 
the river bunk, where the more vicious in the crowd proposed to hang 
him. There were a few free stale men in the town, and other humane 
people not in sympathy with the mob, who began to gather, led by 
citi/en Wootl, a resolute man. armed, throu>;h who.se interference, 
mainly, Phillips was rescueil ami .sent home. 

It is said of one Johnson, who was one of this mob, a man of some 
educati«)n, and, when .sober, not devoid of the instincts of a gentleman, 
when he came to himself, an accusing con.science lashed the whisky 
brave till he cried for shame! 

This outrage, however, according to the Leavenworth Herald, 
sent " a thrill of delight throu>;h the community! " And at a public 
meeting in the town the act was approved in a .set of resolutions. 

During the year lHr>5 the young town adjoining the Fort advanced 
rapidly in population and in i>oIiiical and business importance. The 
great Government Overland Tr.i asportation Company of M.ijors. Rus- 
.sel & Co., matle their headquarters here, and invested large capital in 
an extensive plant. They buit ^tore-houses, blacksmith shops, wagon 
and repair shops, employing alto-cther several thou.sand men. They 
had in active use over r)(M» of their immcn.sc freight wagons. 7,5<K) 
work-cattle, and during this year handled M.(KK>.(X)0 pounds of freight. 
These great, ^broad tired, covered freight-wagons carried about fl.«K)0 
pounds each, and were propelled by six to eight yoke of oxen under 
the control of Mexican bullwha< kers, whose whips of ox hide bellied 
as large as a man's wrist and k 'vc forth a report like a rifle shot. In 
the wake of these enterprises followed the freight-wagons of the Salt 
Lake and California traders. wli<. had large capital invested and who 
gave employment to a large niinberof men. And the Government 
withal during .hese years wasdishuraing $»UM).(XM) per annum for mili- 
tary supplies. 

Capricious fortune lavished her bounty upon the town throughout 
this memorable year, and busnuss reached its climax to ebb disas- 
trously the "Presidential year tollowing. 

But i>olitics and not business is what concerns us for the moment. 
One of the Leavenworth ganjs'. when assured that Reeder had ordered 
a supplementary election as a remedy for the frauds of the first, wanted 



34 The Roniayitic History 

to tickle the Governor's throat with a toothpick, and, beyoud doubt, 
this purpose was contemplated in the councils of the desperate men 
who thronged the doggeries along the landing in 1855. Their leader, 
the pugilist and bully, Benj. Fr. Stringfellow, attempted to assault the 
Governor, and would have done so but for the interference of Judge 
Halderman. 

The bogus Legislature, as finally determined at the polls, met on 
the 2d day of July, 1855. 

In the estimation of many on both sides the year seemed marked 
by special visitation of the judgments of the Almighty — in these things: 
the bogus Legislature, a drouth of unexampled severity, and the arri. 
val in the Territory of Jim Lane ! The pro-slavery and free-state 
champions who still linger superfluous receive the mention of this 
year with a certain suggestive shrug, as much as to say, "That was 

nearly , wasn't it?" And it is still a matter of doubt as to who 

got the best of these afflictions. In due time the Legislature came 
together at Pawnee, a spot on the prairie in which Gov. Reeder was. 
financially interested, a fact which gave occasion to old unrecon- 
structed Bob Toombs, on the floor of the Senate, to say that the Leg- 
islature had moved to Reeder's town from the town of somebody else at 
the invitation of the fellow who for the time being made the best bid. 
The leaders of both sides were on the make, and as a subsidiary source 
of murder in the new Territory the insane desire to dispossess the 
squatter of his holdings is entitled, beyond question, to high rank. 

Brewerton says that when he made his first call on Gov. Shannon,, 
at the Shawnee Mission, his excellency and the Secretary, Woodson, 
were reported absent at Lecompton, " staking out claims." As an illus- 
tration of how the public interests were sacrificed to personal schemes,, 
the story is told of old Judge Lecorapte that he could not hold the 
spring term of court, because he had to plant potatoes: neither could he 
hold the summer term, because he had to hoe his potatoes ; and as for 
the fall term, must he not dig his potatoes? and the winter term, he 
insisted, should be side-tracked so he could sell his potatoes. This 
thrifty old Marylander nursed his " spuds " to some purpose, for, while 
he was an indifferent lawyer, and a disgrace to the bench, he managed 
to keep pace with the Yankee in the race for large possessions, and 
this we consider high praise. He had a stake in every to,vn in the 
Territory, and owned one of the best claims in Leavenworth County,, 
with a lien of some sort or other on twenty others. 



of the fjOuisioHa Purrhase. 86 

Hul to return to Tawncc nnd the first territorial Legislature. The 
members drifted there in prairie schooners, in o{>en wagons, on fool, 
mounted, all with a grub slake, for they would have none of Reeder's 
capital, nor his friends' boarding-house^ l>ni s!.,ti!.itl dlistiiiatiK in 
the "breaks" and "put up." 

There have been legislatures and lcgi>laiuits m tins land of 
political originals, but here is a legislature dropped down on the 
gravel like a prairie-dog town, and like the conies, the memlnrrs are 
racing about in the open, among their tin|pans. kettles, and corn meal, 
barking, shrugging their shoulders at the legislative chaos, diving out of 
sight betimes and coming forth again with a piece of bacon in one hand 
and a frying-pan in the other. Here is a member — a Missouri stalwart — 
candidate for Speaker ; one of the great unwashed, a dirty, greasy, 
malodorous bushwhacker. The fumes of frying bacon rise to his 
grateful nostrils ; the coffee boils ; the corn-dodger is sicklied o'er with 
the pale cast peculiar to the leaden hoe-cake mixed with water only. 
And now if the very honorable Jones (was ever Jones found miss- 
ing at the birth of empires!*) can find a piece of rosin .soap— that old- 
time mechanical abstergent. Jones will gallantly attempt to swab his 
face by laying both hands hard upon his noble brow to find them slip 
suddenly to his chin, and there ."ilick like a porous pla.ster. Jones i>crse- 
veres and takes uphis pewter-covered pocketmirrortosur\ey there.sult. 
He finds the skin gone in patches and dark lines of grime showing the 
boundaries. jx>ssibly, l>clweeii Kansas and Colorado, and other lines, 
marking the course of the Kaw and Mi.ssouri rivers and the .settlers' 
camps atwixt. Jones takes a second severe glance at his illuminated 
nose : "Can't see why it won't do," he said, and summarily dismissed 

his lingering doubt by adding with emphasis, "D the soap, anyway!" 

But. mind you, it was a briglu .ind shining feather in the caps of this 
Legislature that they had s<>.i|) with them ! One is only fairly judged 
by the age in which he lived, and his environment, and the first ter- 
ritorial Legi.slature of Kansas compared favorably with the Congress 
of the United States in the net)iiIous pcrioti " liefo' de wah, ' when the 
rules of the code were conM<Ured binding, and the janitor's diurnal 
harvest was enriched by as.s«jrted sizes of flasks fished out from under 
the l>cnches. and the cuspiilors were subjected to flagrant neglect accu- 
rately gauging the parliamentary refinement of those p- - 

The pro slavery party of Leavenworth were murd u- 

oos in their opposition to the eflbrt to organize a terntonai govern- 



36 The Romantic History 

ment on the free-state basis, and denounced the elections proclaimed 
by Governor Reeder to fill places declared vacant through fraud at 
the polls, and in Leavenworth, on their own ground, the menace was 
so strong that the polls were not opened. Provision instead was made 
at Easton, twelve miles west. The roads to that point were, however, 
patrolled by Leavenworth bushwhackers and the Kickapoo Rangers, 
and the free-state men were overawed, and for the most part silenced. 
A few of them, indeed, persisted against odds. 

Capt. R. P. Brown, a zealous free-state man, and a few others, 
defended the polls. There were collisions between the opposing par- 
ties, and one Cook, of the pro-slavery faction, was killed during the 
night following the election. The next morning Capt. Brown and a 
few friends attempted to return home, near Leavenworth. This gal- 
lant leader in the cause of free Kansas was a school-teacher by profes- 
sion, a Christian, and a man of courage; one of those men of humble 
origin, thoroughly devoted to the cause of free government, and fated 
to martyrdom for a principle ; a man of peaceful purposes and meth- 
ods, who stood for the truth and his rights under the forms of law, 
and who could not be moved to trespass upon another for personal 
gain ; a clean man, who wished well of his fellow, and the best that 
may be for his own hearthstone. Young — life was before him ! 
Married — wife and child loved and needed him ! Poor — these hands 
must minister to his necessities, and all he asked was a chance ! But 
he loved his countr}^ and his country demanded that he exercise the 
right of a freeman. May he do this ? May he go to the ballot-box 
unmolested and assert his manhood? Who are these men who call 
themselves Democrats and deny to this man the exercise of his birth- 
right under the stars and stripes? Having proceeded along the road 
a few miles, they were intercepted by a force of Kickapoo Rangers 
under Capt. Martin ; there was an exchange of shots, but the opposing 
force largely outnumbered them, and Captain Brown being assured of 
fair treatment, his small squad was disarmed and taken back to Easton, 
where a mock trial was entered upon. Martin, the leader of the Rang- 
ers, to do him justice, made some effort to prevent the shedding of blood 
and allowed Brown's friends to escape, but he himself was detained 
as a prisoner under constant and momentarily increasing threats from 
a drunken crowd of low scoundrels fitly influenced by a persistent 
rufiian by the name of Gibson. Brown asked the privilege to defend 
himself against their picked man, which was refused. He then offered 



of the Louisiana Purchase. 87 

to fight any two or three of them, an offer which the cowards would 
not accept. The drunken savages then fell upiiu him, and in the strug- 
gle for his life the brave man was cut down with n hatchet, the blow 
cleaving the skull. In the biting cold of a Siberian winter the mor- 
tally wounded man was driven over the frozen ground in an open 
wagon to liis home. On the way a wretch, still living in Leavenworth, 
u]>cncd the wound and spat tobaccu-juice into it, saying, with an oath, 

that "that was gooil enough for a abolitionist." He live<l three 

hours after being dragged like a cast-off carcass and thrown into the 
ii\K'\\ tloorway of his Imujc in the presence of his wife and chiM, and 
died on the 18th of January, \s'i^'> 

To anticipate a little: in the auiunuioi uns yt-ar. wheti liit- --utnac 
was red and the sorghum s»ip sputtered in the vat, and old John Brown 
began to look about for something to cover his toes, which were .stick- 
ing through his Ixjots. the boys came out of the brush to sound Shan- 
non, the ne.xt in succession as Governor of the Territory. They had 
their guns well in hand and each of them a battery of small arms, and 
the usual knife — a pungent, purple-top crowd of toughs from poor old 
Missouii, a State lying far north of the cotton l>elt, and palsied with a 
mlxjr system unsuited to her climate and environment. One of the 
Committee on R iu a suit of .store clothes, secured in install- 

ments from the a ownership of the vicinage, advanced, saluted 

the new ruler, and began a mellifluous exordium, in which he prayed 
his excellency to compose liim.seir " Be j^ersuaded.'" he said, "that 
you are now in .soft Padua, tlu haly of America ; that in the ancestral 
halls of Baron Brown of 0>awatomie. and among the pomegranate 
r Bull Creek. Jim Liik- will take care of you if Titus and h«s 
don't. In this pea<x ful vale." he continued, "the morning 
prayer is heard on every hill, the evening orison is chanted in every 
i.;!«.ii." One" '* ' ' ' ' • of the u ' .' .• - nly 

K""! and in> ■^ed the < iig 

holy maAs. followed by the doxology and lienediction in due form, but 
'n't do anything of the kind. They \\ .. sh- 

;ntcr an.l took .n dritik of straight K i it 

chalked. 

f ' 1. whicii nd 

louii. a lean i "he 

frontier had his bowic hard on the grindstone, putting a wire*edge on 
it. while a litter of like whelps sprawled on the ground hard by. 



38 The Romantic History 

"waiting," as they said, "to pull the gizzard out of some 

abolitionist." 

The unwonted intrusion of mean whiskey upon the scene of the 
'oOs in Kansas compels us to revert at this point to the only speech 
delivered by David R. Atchison, which survives to illumine Kansas 
annals and to shed lustre upon the career of the Platte County apostle 
of the slave power. The trick peculiar to Satan, to decoy his victim 
to the top of a mountain, where the temptation might be as conspicu- 
ous and spectacular as possible, was employed here, and the noble 
David (who, by an accident w^hich he always esteemed as special proof 
of the divine favor, became during the interregnum of one Sunday 
President of the United States) ascended Mount Oread and delivered 
himself of the following strain of fiery persiflage : 

" I am a Kickapoo Ranger, by ! Be gallant to the ladies, 

but if you find one armed, trample her under foot as you would a 
snake, and if anybody resists, show 'em no quarter. And now we will 

support our highly honorable Jones and test the strength of that 

Free-state Hotel. Be brave! and if any man or woman stands in your 
way, blow 'em to with a chunk of cold lead! " 

It is hardly worth while to state what happened when the valiant 
David descended from the mount, and at short range fired his cannon 
at the hotel. The result would have been the same had he aimed at 
the Rocky Mountains. You can't aim a gun with both eyes open, 
although you are steadied with the best Kentucky ballast, unless those 
orbs are " sot" like Ben Butler's, who could hit the bull's-eye with his 
left and calmly measure calico with his right, all in one time and one 
motion. 

Speaking of center shots reminds me of an old-timer of the '50s. 
You may remember him — Dick Richardson — a member of the H. R.; 
old Dick Richardson, of Quincy, Illinois ; the contemporary, friend, 
and tool of Douglas. He was a fair sample of the pro-slavery M. C. 
in ante-bellum days. Dick started on his political career tall, young, 
and fair, with some brains and a host of friends, but whisky finished 
him, as it brought to a premature close the life of his great political 
mentor, and another contemporary as well — a brilliant war governor — 
all of the gallant old Sucker State. For how many generations has 
man been confessing to himself : What a harvest King Alcohol has 
gathered ! 

Dick had a fashion, in his later and grosser years, of sitting down 



of the Lonisiana Purchase. 80 



to talk with an old crony, perchance with a stranger just inittxlucc<l — 
anylxxly — no matter; and as he sat confronting you, his good-natured 
face beaming at the recollection of a goo<l story which he soon began 
to spin, the compound tluiil extract of the weed oozing from the cor- 
ners of his mouth and falling at intervals on his shirt front and thence 
in a sort of spray or bridal-veil leaps down his vest to his trousers, — 
eminently pictorial and reminiscent was Richard I But now, look 
ye ! The old-time l)ox of sawdust, dark with the expectorations of a 
generation and deeply layered with the quids of an extinct race, might 
be in sight or not. it was an unrecognized forerunner of Inrtter things 
at the utmost, and subject to continual protest and martyrdom as 
such. And Dick had a niinhle ajid experienced pucker and a reckless 
way of stiuirting tobacco-juice that kept his interlocutor in a state of 
deplorable and often frenzied incertitude and apprehension, nor did 
the wretched man always escape extreme catastrophe for which Dick 
made (as he conceived) the most generous and ample amends by press- 
ing his victim to the trough for a hot sling. 

But let us get back to our muttons, which we can easily do, for 
the distance from Ouincy to Leavenworth is not great. 

We are now well along in the year iHo^^, and in the streets of 
Leavenworth, where the pro slavery crusaders from ever>' Southeni 
State have gathered like mag^jots in a dunghill, taken possession of 
the town, and are patrolling the streets after their own fashion, ter- 
rorizing the people. 

Kmory's gang of road agents led the dance of death. Whether 
this leader had personal knowUdge of all the crimes perpetrated in 
his name cannot now In.- definitely determined. That the pro-.slavery 
press cried "War I " and that there was a preconcerted campaign of 
plunder and murder, is indisputable. Geary, the pro-.slavery appointee, 
himself testifies to the reign of terror, and says, de.scribing the aspect 
of the town, that the landing oji his arrival was covere<l with ' ' *i 
loafers a.sleep on the heads of whi.sky-baircls; that arme<l I. 
were dashing altout in every direction; companies were drilling; and 
a confused picture of rattling sabers, heating drums, and plav- 
was prescnte<l to his view. Horsestealing was the only in.^ 
the town that took prece<lence of the military, and the Regulators, who 
called themselves militi l their mounts in ! 

that deft way. A .stran ..ce, standing in fron; 

head(|uarteni at the Fort, saw his hors<:s being driven through the 



40 The Romantic History 



grounds to a loaded wagon by a Missouri freebooter, and, with the help 
of the military, stopped the team, unhitched the span, and took them 
away, leaving the wagon in the road. 

The old Lawrence road, leading round the foot of Pilot Knob, was 
the scene of many dark crimes. It was on this highway, on the out- 
skirts of the town, that the wretch Fugit shot young Hoppe, return- 
ing quietly in his carriage from lyawrence, scalped his victim, and car- 
ried off his trophy to decide a wager he had made of $6 against a pair 
of boots that within two hours he would return to the doggery with 
the evidence of his victory in his hand. 

On this road Major Sackett, of the U. S. Army, during the reign 
of terror in this year of grace 1856, discovered the mutilated bodies 
of thirteen men slain from ambush or taken unawares openly, being 
unarmed. 

Through the streets armed horsemen rode, blowing horns and 
ordering free-state men to leave the town on pain of death, and fo^ 
days indiscriminate outrage prevailed— dwellings and stores were pil- 
laged, and men, women, and children in scores, without sufficient money 
or clothing, were driven aboard steamboats and out of the Territory. 

Those who were specially marked for vengeance were hunted to 
the river bank or into the thickets and shot down. Against the 
defenseless people these ruffians levied war, instead of marching to 
meet Jim L,ane, of whom the}^ had a wholesome terror. 

A single whisper of Lane's approach was enough to send these 
drunken braggarts into hiding, nor did they wait upon the order for 
their retreat, but disappeared at a plunge, like scared rats. The}- were 
often flushed in this way; the sound of a going in the tops of the 
mulberry trees or the hollow note of affrighted warning brought a sud- 
den and death-like quiet to the streets of Leavenworth. A sepulchral 
silence reigned in the doggeries about Second and Third streets, the 
guilty leaders slunk out of sight, and the more venturesome, who met 
like ghosts in the shadows, talked with bated breath. To the haunted 
imaginations of these lurking lazzaroni hell was a nap on a flower bank 
in the Elysian Fields compared to a visit from Jim Lane and his gallant 
lieutenants, Mark Parrott and H. Miles Moore. Here were men, 
now gathered with Lane at Lecompton, who had been driven out of 
Leavenworth under the menace of a noose and a short shrift, and who 
thirsted to return and try conclusions with the brigands. Given an 
open field and a fair fight, there would beyond doubt have been a b'oody 



0f the Lamititmm Purchase. 41 



encounter at this juncture, but the free-state men were overawed by 
the presence of the strong arm of the Government at the Fort, and 
Lane wisely refused the stormy and urgent demands of his followers 
to march north. 

Lane is still an uncanny recollection among the mossy antiques 
of Platte County, who never got over the fits of jimjams with which 
Jim afflicted the wicked in and out of Leavenworili in thi- <la\ x that 
are no more, and will no more return. 

One of the precautions which Easton. lunory & Co. took against 
a surprise by Lane was a c<jrdon of freight-wagons which they drew 
across what they supposed was the most vulnerable approach to the 
town, and on the Lawrence road one night tlicy placed a picket or 
cavalry videlle of twenty men on the extreme out|x>st, under an 
experienced Mexican veteran, whose valorous example it was believed 
would nerve the Platte County volunteers and KickaixK) members of 
the " law and order " guard and inspire them to "stick" against all 
comers. The captain, s{>eaking reminisccntly of this matter, .says the 
men rode out to their sanguinary work with great confidence, and 
indeed were given to loud and vaporous epithets against the foe. and 
indulged in no little commiseration for the misguided people who could 
be so weak and desperately idiotic as tc attack them in their Leaven- 
worth stronghold. Was not the gifted warrior. Davy Atchison, clasc 
at hand * And the very eminent Benj. Fr. Stringfcllow. is he not at 
our l>acks. couchant ? And the distinguished doggery-keeper. Dunn. 
are not his sleepless energies at our call ^ And the broad cuffs and 
immaculate ruffles of H. Rives Pollard, are not these impregnable 
against any attack which the enemy can make.' Ha! ha! and they 

passed the bottle and yelled. "Let the Yankee paupers come on!" 

And so by night, in the covert of the thicket off Pilot Knob, they took 
their stand: and midnight came apace and spectial silence, and the 
rabbit's tread started vague fe.irs. and the suspicious and wary senti- 
nels shrank within deei>er shadows and listened, and the mocking 
winds gave passing sneers, and there were apprehensions to(|uiet. and 
a certain fearful looking out tipon " the front " that was not reassuring. 
' What is that .* " whispered Jack to Tom. across the rt)ad. and the 
screech-owl laughed a hollow laugh out of the near-by tree-tops, as 
much as to say. "Look out ' they *re coming ! " And now there were 
mysterious rallies by twos and threes, and by the pale moonlight there 
was the glint of a flask and a sof\ gurgle and an aroma of distilled 



42 The Romantic History 

•corn stole out upon the night air. But it was no use ; a sound dead- 
lier than before came from down the road. The more timid already- 
had one foot in the stirrup. " 'Tis nothing," the captain said, " but a 
belated traveler, or the browsing cattle." " But I heard the ' sicken- 
ing thud ' of advancing hoofs," they said, and " Lane, by God ! " they 
•cried in chorus, and it takes time to write the fact down, but those 
gentlemen made the grand entry within the walls of the city in about 
one and a quarter, by Professor John O'Day's watch. 

During the years intervening between 1852 and 1860 there was a 
brace of figure-heads in Washington, known in the idiom of the com- 
mon people as Frank Pierce and Old Buck, who operated a political 
machine designed apparently for turning out governors for the Terri- 
tory of Kansas. It was a sort of " short-order " device — everybody by 
turns, and nobody long, at the pie counter. In this way it came to 
pass that John W. Geary succeeded Shannon, and I do not know how 
many other fellows, as Governor, and landed in Kansas September 9, 
1856, and sat right down and fired a letter back to Old Buck saying 
that "the town of Leavenworth is now in the hands of armed bodies 
•of men, who, having been enrolled as militia, perpetrate outrages of 
the most atrocious character under the shadow of authority from the 
territorial Governor." And adds " that desolation and ruin reign 
■everywhere, and families have even sought protection with the Indian 
tribes." Whereupon Jeflf. Davis, the dear old patriot, as Secretary of 
War, writes to Gen. P. F. Smith, in command at the Fort, authorizing 
him to call upon the Government for militia "to suppress and crush the 
rebellion in Kansas." This was very good for a starter, and to keep 
things red hot, and as a sort of condition precedent to putting down 
the rebellion, a festival of devils was forthwith introduced into Leav- 
enworth as already hinted at and which will be further touched upon 
as truth demands. As a precaution, Joe Shelby, in the exercise of 
self-constituted supervisory powers over Kansas, with a force of the 
unterrified, stood picket on the outposts at Lexington, where he 
boarded every up-bound steamboat, and interrogated, bulldozed, and 
searched every passenger suspected of holding political opinions at 
A^ariance with his own, and Platte County zealots engaged in a similar 
service at Leavenworth. Moreover, a self-appointed vigilance com- 
mittee took charge of the town, to rescue the people, as they gravely 
asserted, from the grasp of the " Emigrant Aid Paupers," bearing 
Sharpe's rifles. This vigilance committee had its origin in the 



of. I he Louisiatia Put chase. 43 

Masonic Lodge of Leavenworth, whose councils the pro-slavcr>' mem- 
bers prostituted to the lurtherance of their political and murderous 
intrigues. Here it was that Pliillips's death was secretly canvassed, 
and here the pro-slavery parly ol the town came to the parting of the 
ways, and such men as H. Miles Moore, no longer willing to be made 
a tool of the slavehoKlin)^ oli^^archy, abandoned their councils, and 
cast their lot henceforth with ihe free-state men. The streets of the 
town were given up to a hostile army of Rangers, 800 strong, under 
Kmory. a Maryland slaveholder, by birth and bree<ling a gentleman, 
but the tool of an odious conspiracy, and as such came into malign 
prominence, and tarries an unregarded figure among the cast-oflf 
masks an<l worthless toggery of tlie gruesome revelers of iS'jft. 

On Sunday night, September 1, \>iW, Emory's gang of drunken 
cut-throats paraded the streets, l>ent on forcing a bloody issue. The 
doggeries seethed with a mass of armed assassins, who spoke in under- 
tones and exchanged significant ^^lances. Not all of them understood 
the secret and sworn purpose already decided upon, but there was 
something in the wind, and the crowd of bullies who did not share 
the councils of their leaders were kept well in hand to execute what- 
ever crime was pointed out to them, and to receive as their reward 
the privilege of being hanged instead of their principals if this was to 
be the outcome, which possibility seemed remote enough. The next 
day, September 2d. the Regulators, under Emory, after committing 
many outrages, approached the house of William Phillips, who had 
suffered at the hands of a mob in May of the preceding year, as already 
detailed in these pages. The home of this martyr to our free insti- 
tutions is still a comfortable abo<le, on Shawnee Street, nearly opposite 
the opera hou.se. To this point the mob of mounted brigands rode 
up. Phillips had a (>crrect understanding of his own situation during 
all the turbulent months of this memorable year, and in the face of 
repeated warnings, bravely nut his fate. We may well l>elicve he 
felt a secret ^hame at the very thought of flight. Why should he 
retreat.* Here was his home. He stood upon his birthright- to live 
the life of a worthy, u.seful citi/en, obedient to the laws, and under 
the ver>* shadow of the flag of his country. Once out from under his 
own roof, whither .should he go ' To the river bank, to be shot down 
like a wild beast as had l>een the fate of othets? Are home and all 
vested rights to be sacrificed in an hour to the behests of the com* 
munc.* Is this the boasted liberty of the Republic* Whither shall 



44 



The Romantic History 



c 



LARK 
&CO. 



SOLE 
AGENTS 



KNOX HiiTS. 



he Hatters. 

906 Main St., 

KANSAS CITY, MO. 




Scene of the Phillips Tragedy on Shawnee St. Opposite Opera House. 

he go? The memory of wrongs already borne had sunk deep into his 
soul. He will defend his life and his heai thstone to the last. A brother 
is the only friend with him in his extremity. As the mob advanced 
upon his ground, open trespassers under the law upon the most sacred 
rights, they confessed to the world that they were outlaws, and with- 
out excuse or defense of any kind. Phillips stood within at a window, 
gur in hand, and as his enemies came on he took the initiative, clearly 
within his right, and fired, killing two of them. There was an answer- 
ing volley and the patriot and hero died where he stood, and his 
brother lost an arm. A street full of armed men against one, but 
" 'T was a famous victory." 



of Ike lumisiana Purfhau. 45 

A singular incident connected with the death of Phillips is related 
of his wife, a lovely and accomplished woman. Having for a year 
endured iIjc ttimult, apprehension, and dangers which surrounded her 
and her huslmnd, her mind became affected, and she had been removed 
to an asylum in Iowa, and when the messenger arrived to announce 
the death of her husband, l»y a strange premonition she anticipated 
him and said in a natural hi.! > imposed »"n. ..Tm.;.. • Wiiij:,,,, js 
dead ; I heard him fall ' 

It is worth while here lo trace the events wliicli lix the resjion- 
sibility and stamp with infamy the memory of the men who were the 
prime cause of the death ot William Phillips. The (anaillt who 
moblied him in ''»•'» and shot him down in 'f>M were at most mere tools 
and accessories. The town of Weston, above the Fort, durin;: the 
years aforesaid was the principal trade-center and .steamboat landing 
of this immediate region. Here was the ferry where the California 
hegira crossed in '4W. '")(). Like Grant's base on the James, Weston 
was Atchison. Stringfellow & Co.'s Missouri River base for the inva- 
sion of Kansas. Here, at the old St. George Hotel, swarmed the law- 
yers, speculators, politicians, gamblers, adventurers and cutthroats of 
the frontier, and here, along the principal street, the One-Sunday 
President of the United States was wont to ride up in front of String- 
fellow's office, and drop the bridle rein and his morning salutation : 
"Well. Ben, what's the news ^ " Here these leaders laid their plans, 
and employed such tools in their execution as they found most efficient ; 
among the.sc was the political scullion in charge of the Platle County 
Argus, whose chief end was to whoop 'em up and give voice to the 
pro-slaver>' campaign. Here the Jacobin Club, known as the " Self- 
Defensives," held its secret oath-bound meetings, where David R. 
Atchison admini.stcred the oath And here in this town it was that 
Rev. Frederick Starr was tried by an improvised, self constituted 
court, having neither legal sanction nor jurisdictio::.on three charges, 
to wit : 

1st. " That he taught negroes to read." 
2d. " That he proposed to a slave to bu> if iimjom 
3d " That he was seen rising in nn oprn bups'^* w'th a nrjjro 
domestic." 

There was a buz/iii>; ..i:.. .. im . 
charge was read, but the reverend gcntli: 
and was so blameless in his general walk and conversation that his 



46 The Romantic History 

enemies acquitted him in open court ; with a mental reservation, how- 
ever, and through a base pretense he was finally driven out of the 
State, an innocent man suffering for opinion's sake. 

The action of William Phillips to have the 30th of March elec- 
tions partially declared invalid through the perfectly lawful and 
peaceable process of a sworn affidavit presented to Gov. Reeder, dis- 
jointed the necks of Atchison, Stringfellow & Co., at Weston, and the 
henchman in the Arg2is office set up a roar at his own friends in Leav- 
enworth for their political delinquencies and general worthlessness as 
true " law and order " men. The Argus opened a fusilade of dirty 
shot-guns on Pollard and Adams, of the Leavenworth Herald, and 
ceased not its nagging : " There cannot be a true friend of the South," 
said the Argus, " in a town where such a traitor as Phillips is permit- 
ted to live." This direct appeal to murder and assassination was kept 
up for months — until the snowy shirt-ruffles of H. Rives Pollard, of 
"Ole Vuhginny," became deeply agitated. At first the response was 
feeble, and the Herald contented itself with the reply that " there were 
circumstances over which it had no control," etc. The Argtis plied 
the lash, and in due time H. Rives Pollard and Wm. H. Adams, in 
charge of the Herald office, set their drag-net and gathered in from 
the town doggeries a sufficient mob to kidnap Phillips and take him 
to Weston, where he was " shamefully entreated," as already described. 

The pro-slavery party in Leavenworth, through its Missouri allies,- 
were so largely preponderant that the free-state men were practically 
at their mercy, and Phillips was without support either in the crude 
and biased administration of the law or in the popular sentiment, and, 
emboldened by their first success with Phillips, they felt secure in their 
purpose to murder him when the hour was ripe for the deed. And 
they did not have long to wait : the 3'ear 1855 closed speedilj^ and the 
year 1856 rose like a mailed warrior, his lance poised, and his omin- 
ous blood-red shield <?;^ banc, with his heel upon the neck of Phillips, 
whom we pronounce in the name of Christ our Lord as true a martyr 
to the rights of man as ever lived. 

I cannot rid my thought of these two martyrs of the common 
people — Captain R. P. Brown and William Phillips, both of whom 
died at the hands of the foes of fjree government in Leavenworth. 
County in the year of grace 1856. The icy blasts of forty winters, 
save one, have swept their forgotten graves, but if these uncon- 
scious heroes rise not in the hearts of our people to a glorious immor- 



cj tnc Lottisiana Punhaie. 



tality. then is our faith in free government vain; our boated liberty 
an empty sound ; patriotism under the stars and stripes a hateful fable 
a xocking pretense. \Vc, of this generation, may be apostate in our 
feelings and recreant to the trust committed unto us by the fathers — 
be it so : we are persuaded the hearts of our children will not be so 
dead to a lesson and example which we ignore. 

Is life, then, a fool's masquerade, or do we go forward under a 
sense of the avenging judgments of God. So.* Then let us honor 
these men and execrate the memory of the wild beasts which robbed 
the innocent and helpless of their natural protectors, and liberty of 
two of her best beloved ! 

If man was once a gotl, sinless, and fell to the abyss of devils, 
and is now struggling back through redemptive grace to his lo.st estate, 
then we have here-- in this bUx>dy offering upon the altar of ou.' lib- 
erties — one of those examples by which he profits and through which 
we may hope the race beholds, not only its weakness, but its divinely 
bestowed inherent {>ower, and from which it can take courage to 6ght 
the good fight which shall crown it with victory I 

The scourge of open crinie passed gradualh away after the lynch- 
ing of (juarlcs and Bayes — tin- two river thieves and cut-throats — by 
the citizens rn masse in I8r>7. These illustrious toughs were displayed 
to advantage from the limb of a big elm-tree near an old saw mill on 
the " run." near where the stove foundries now stand. 

Lyle, the tool who betrayeil Phillips into the hands of the mob 
in 18"jr». met a deserved fate by being cut to the heart in the open 
street, and others of the old gang of debauched loafers and blacklegs 
passed hence after a similar fa^hion. 

We are fain to drop the curtain on this and kindred horrors ; the 
fifties sank slowly into the gloom of civil war; the slave power had 
played and lost in Kansas, and. glowering with rage and defeat, hid for 
a time to conspire against the Iiie of the Republic. 

Those who were quick t«) -Ii^cern .signs saw blood on the moon 
after IS<U), and the SlavehoUUis Rebellion showed ;r ' -s early at 
Leavenworth. On the morning of April KS, IhOl, ; .^ the fall 

of Sumter, the steamer Sam (.tat\, the regular St. I«ouis packet, landed 
at Leavenworth, flying the re J h1 flag from her jack-staff. The loyal 
Germans of the town. mcmber> of the Turners, rallied to resent the 
insult, and while they were getting out the "Old Kicka|x>o'" t 
piece, the officers of the boat, rather than attempt to stand against tiie 



'btfV.L 



48 The Romantic History 

aroused loyalty of the city, hauled down the Confederate rag, and were 
compelled to surrender it and to fly the colors of the Union. 

The steamer Russell, the next to appear, was forced to fly "Old 
glory" before she was permitted to land; the crowd cheered, and 
Leavenworth henceforth took her rightful place as a staunch defender 
•of the Union. 

The city has to her credit a long list of gallant officers and soldiers 
who achieved fame on the historic fields of the Civil War. Among 
them Powell Clayton, who entered the service as captain of Company 
G, First Kansas Infantr}', and left the service a brigadier-general, and 
afterward represented the State of Arkansas in the U. S. Senate. 

Dan McCook was first commissioned as captain of the Shields 
Guards, stationed at the Fort, and afterward commissioned as captain 
■of Company H, First Kansas Infantry. Subsequently he commanded 
a brigade in the Second Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Army of 
the Cumberland, and received a mortal wound in a charge before Mari- 
etta, near Kenesaw, June 27, 1864. Hampton P. Johnson was killed in 
action at Morristown, Mo., September 17, 1861. The last words of 
this gallant officer were: "Come on, boys! " His body was brought 
home and buried with military honors. Thomas Moonlight was mus- 
tered into the U. S. service as captain of the Leavenworth L/ight Bat- 
tery, which was afterward named Company D, and became a part of 
the Fourth Kansas Infantry. At the close of the war Col. Moonlight 
commanded the Eleventh Kansas Infantry, and was breveted briga- 
dier-general. Colonel Charles R. Jennison and Lieutenant- Colonel 
Dan. R. Anthony were officers of the famous First Kansas Cavalry, 
which rendered conspicuous services to the Government. This regi- 
ment afterward became the Seventh Kansas Volunteers— the celebra- 
ted "Jayhawkers." To recite the personal history of Colonel Dan R. 
Anthony would be to give almost a complete epitome of the town of 
Leavenworth from the day of its birth. 'T is true that after looking 
over the ground in 1854, he retired, permitting the stormy interval of 
1855-1856 to pass before again venturing west of the Mis.souri. This 
was in the nature of concession ; the Colonel did n't want any trouble 
with his neighbors. As introductory, it may be said in a broad way 
that he is accessible and hospitable ; that his friends have indeed found 
a welcome at his hand, and if foes have not always found a grave, it is 
not because they did not deserve it. Of course, here and there, at 
long intervals, a just exception might be found, but on the whole, 
-neighbor, on the whole! 



of the Louisiana Pure hast. 40 



Daniel Read Anthony is descended from (Juakcr stock. This 
accounts for his being a non-combatant ; for the soft, even tenor of his 
life. By this inherited i|uality it '\s he glides into the man who di.sa- 
grees with him in a mild and healing way truly Anlhuncsc. 'T was 
«ver thus with Daniel. From his youth up his ways have been ways 
of pleasantness and all his paths peace. For instance, if a division is 
called on any of the great ({ucstions now agitating the country — the 
10 to 1 silver ratio; was Dr. Fraker a woman? as between Japs and 
Pigtails, which?— he would avoid vexatious disputation, nobly advance 
and offer to sacrifice himself tui ilie altar of his country by compromis- 
ing at fif\y cents on the dollar, assignee to take one-third of the estate 
for his share. The Colonel came into the world on the south wind, and 
all along the way he has tarried in gentle dalliance on the sunny side 
of the peach-trees. It will throw light on our illustrious theme to 
consider the (Quaker essence briefly: I mind me now of William 
Penn. who divided his time between the tight little isle and the city 
of brotherly love. You all remember William, the ^uakerest Quaker 
that ever quaked. He came over to introduce the drab fashions to 
the red man, and, incidentally, to study real estate values. He brought 
along a new version of the ten commandments, revi.sed and amended 
for his own particular . . ' and .some new adaptations of truth 

suited to all possible con; s likely to arise in the course of busi- 

ness in the new world. William despised fire-arms. He would n't 
drive the red man from his atuu nt heritage at the point of the bayo- 
net, not he. William was a stt.iU),jist and knew a thing or two much 
more valuable to him than dynamite and gunpowder. In a word, he 
cocked his new version on Red Jacket: that is to .say, William traded 
with Lo; he swapjK'd things with him: he traded beads and pewter 
beer-mugs and calico handkerchiefs for farms, the good man I And 
the first thing that Lo knew, he WIS out of house and h' '' 

up a new place to squat. Lo kuked at being turn 
fashion, but William pulled the record on him, and .showed him where 
he had ma' ' •, . when he had once made a dicker 

with the p.ii and "shook," it was a go ' This is 

the way the yuakers got an early and strong cinch on all the virtues, 
and HO have avoided d< • 

hands in the blood of tl: i 

" "iRS^r" but just slipped him under the wood-pile and looked meek 
artd harmless and a little surprised when the owner came along, met 



50 The Romantic History 

him at the gate with subdued joy, took him into the house, set up 
a good dinner, and invited him to call again some time. And when 
Kansas began to " bleed at every pore," or words to that efifect, and to 
cry for help, the Quaker would n't fight, nor nothin' o' that kind, but the 
dear old saint, provident in everything, did n't fool away any time. He 
engaged vigorously in missionary work among the heathen in Kansas, 
and kept the freight agents busy making out bills of lading for cases 
marked " books." The work was contagious — mighty ketchen — and 
the Quakers of the Penn-Yan city of Penna vied with the Friends of 
the staid old commonwealth of Massachusetts in the good work. They 
fired the Yankee heart, and the New England clergy, and, in fact, 
all the folks in that section of the country — the professional non-com- 
batants — the good, the true, the beau — , the die-first fellers, who were 
ferninst war and all rumors thereof, who favored circumventing the 
pro-slavery crowd in Kansas by moral suasion and packed it in those 
peculiar, strong, oblong cases marked " books." The Quaker dispen- 
sation of literature and method of conversion took like a twelve-dollar 
pension, and Preston B. Plumb and the boys met the "books " at the 
landing at Nebraska City and placed them where they would do the 
most good. Kansas owes a debt of gratitude to the Quakers, and we 
don't deny it. The Quakers sent the "books" and Brown of Osa- 
watomie and Jim Lane acted as colporteurs, and made a canvass that 
will be remembered down to the wreck of matter and the crash of 
worlds. 

Having said this much by way of explanation, it must be plain to 
every honest man how lycavenworth came into possession of Dan 
Anthony. The town during his three-years absence had had trouble 
enough, and wished now, in this year of grace 1857, to grow a crop 
of poppies and heart's-ease, and invited the young prince of peace at 
Rochester to come on. 

I always doubted the Quaker antecedents of old John Brown 
until I tabulated the incidents of his midnight visitation along the vale 
of Osawatomie with his newly ground sword. Not finding the pass- 
over blotches on the cabin door-posts up to Quaker grade, the pig- 
sticking began; and the trophies were found, as Deputy Beddow, who 
accompanied the troops, says, hanging by the heels, and some by one 
■ hand, blackened and ghastly corpses, rotting in the sun ! 

Old Osawatomie B. made an awkward statement to John Sherman 
and his committee concerning this night's work, but on the high moral 



of the Louisiana t^urchau 51 

plane of the Society of Friends the particulars of this butchery were 
received with that unrut?led calm and resignation so vital to the peace 
and quiet of the sect. 

Col. Dan laii up against a cross-roads sign-post in 1S54, the index 
finger pointing westward, and he took the first train for Kansa.s. He 
did not remain long, however ; he merely opened the door and looked 
in. Kansas, in the blessed year aforesaid, was a place where every- 
body assumed the tight to vote. The Colonel, then a young man, in a 
Kossuth hat and a cut away, the fashion in vogue, shared the univer- 
sal tlesire and went up the plank at the old Shawnee House, opposite 
the site of the Planter's, with a yellow ballot in his hand — the color 
adroitly adopted to identify the free-state voter without reading the 
face of his ticket— to vote for delegate to Congress. Fifty disciples of 
the glorious Democracy of Platte County surrounded the polls, puking 
tobacco-juice and exhaling the aroma of spiritus fermenti. who saluted 
the late arrival as an " Immigrant Aid Pauper. " The .sinister glances 
and protruding chins of the loud-smelling gentr>' cooled the Colonel's 
ardor, and with a deep courtesy and that shrinking modesty peculiar to 
the bloo<l. the suave (Quaker backed out and retired. Almost any 
poor devil north of the cla.ssic Waukarusa in 1854 would have done 
likewise. 

Now. we confess, the Colonel was at a loss in this in.stance : but 
as a rule, the FViend is .sociable, a good mixer, welcome among the 
boys, wouldn't do anything; bad, and always has his weather eye out 
al)out election time. Down on the tranipiil Waukarusa. in the fifties, 
the Quaker made good his ancient reputation for being up to date in 
:' of his constitutional right as a free American citizen on 

As the sun shone out blandly. " Old Broadbrim." not 
unlike him in genial warmth and jocund smiles, came up and cast a bal- 
lot for himself and four others, as he ' u-d to the court in X'^A, 
by proxy, for absent frien<i> And. l- ■ iear old heart, he was so 

serene and open and comfiosed about it — so appealing in his frankness, 
as much as to .say: "Genlletnen, upon your honor, am I not quite 
right a)>out this.'" " In pursuance of the sacred charter of our lil>cr- 
ties I deposit my ballot ; and these four absent friends of mine, they 
' ome. as •' ' - •• • > ajjow. for one hath 

a wife < ^. and another hath 

sold a yoke of oxen and mu.st deliver them, and .still another went with 
the stranger a mile and hath been compelled to go with him twain. 



52 The Romantic History 



and — " the dear old saint stood there, facing the majesty of the law, so 
placid, of such comfortable girth and ruddy jowl, such benign and 
sincere aspect, that the just judge, nonplussed, brokjen by such trans- 
parent, child-like innocence, bowed the old gentleman out with profuse 
apologies, saying that " precedents were lame at best ; that the motive 
was the chief thing." 

In great kindness and with the most benevolent intention we have 
asked the reader to consider the doctrine of atavism — reversion to the 
traits of ancestors. It runs in the blood, as witness the scene at the 
polls in 1858, where Payne and Dunn with drawn revolvers, led the 
attack on the ballot-box and carried it off, trampling Wetherell, the 
clerk, under foot, and would have brained him with their favorite tom- 
ahawk, the hatchet, but for Brown and the gallant Colonel, who went 
to the rescue, not to shed blood, messieurs, even in defense of the free- 
man's rights — not so; the side-arms which they kept well in hand were 
not positive instruments de guerre, but suggestions, and must be his- 
torically considered as such. 

And that little comedy of errors between Thurston and Anthony 
— how could a bit of chiaroscuro like that be set up as an extravagance 
and a departure on the Colonel's part from the ancient faith of his fath- 
ers ? By no means, sweet friends ! Nobody was particularly hurt ; a 
'54 caliber ball chipped Mr. Douglas's ear, to be sure, and the honora- 
ble Mr. Thurston, in a wild attempt to disfigure the moon which had 
not yet appeared, gave our distinguished and newly-elected Senator 
Baker a slight inconvenience, but I appeal to any and all of the crack 
shots of the Leavenworth Gun Club to say whether other than edito- 
rial compliment and the usual and time-honored exchange of Leaven- 
worth street civilities can be charged. Certainly not; the marksmanship 
precludes malice ; the clergy unite upon this view ; the members of 
the most illustrious bar in the State sanction and defend it ; our ven- 
erable city fathers say it's so; the very able president of this learned 
body of legislators, summing up, says : "We have examined the ordi- 
nances and searched our voluminous precedents for a generation back 
and find nothing to the contrary. What would gentlemen have ? Is 
Harlequin to be disowned in his own town ? Let us be reasonable. 
Here come the querulous with their disputatious babblings, insisting 
on the loss of life, infractions of the laws, severed friendships, and the 
general disquiet in 1801. These importunate gainsayers are unfortu- 
nate in their selection of dates. 1861 was an uncomfortable year for a 



of the Lcmsiana /Utri/nnc. 58 

great many people. Those of our fellow-citizens who were Ijom in 
the wrong quarter of the moon, when the sign was n't right, having 
succcc<icd by the law of entail to the weakness of tieing too flip, were 
often surprised !>y the awkward situations in whicli they found them- 
selves. They ran up against a stone wall, st» to speak. Gentlemen 
in the «lischarge of the editorial function were especially liable in iSOl 
to make remarks on the printed page, the which, in more lil>eral 
epochs would be receivetl with positive favor; but in the changed 
conditions of the Anthony regime, with a sword in the sky, worked 
like a little eartlujuake. begad' the tongues of forked flame breaking 
through the fissures . 

It was all his fault, the jx)or man ! if he had remained on tlu k \ti, 
under the conditions of the usual Leavenworth street pistol practice, 
the ball would have passed over him, harmless, or struck some other 
man; but he wouldn't do that; he ran olistinately up the stairway, 
and was bound, if he persisted, to come within range of a gun looking 
. upward at an angle of 4r> degrees, which he did. at the top of the ascent. 
Impartial public opinion exonerated the Colonel and must of necessity 
do so. The mo.st obtuse can see at a glance that the Colonel acted 
without malice in this affair. His conduct and l>earing from first to 
last was non-committal, as usual, forbearing and Onakerese. As the 
witnesses testify, he laid down on the lounge in his ofliice and crie<l: — 
convincing proof of his innocence, and of the truth of the terms of his. 
biography, written by himself, that his Otiaker ancestor was "* a constant 
attendant of the Baptist Church." and that an honored njeml>er of the 
family has " demoted more than one fortune to the cause of the moral, 
.social, and political elevation of the women of America." Al>ove all 
things, beloved, let us assume the airs of the " nr^sty rich." whether we 
have the '* stuff" or not. 

But we protest, gent 1' ijjainst the iuttm-i I'lii'-n;; .; ;nc Tiiat- 

Icr in hand. We have . .< d our case, vindicated the truth of 

hi.stor>', and the verdict is ours. Mere innuendo : vague and indefinite 
charges, involving fists, canes, cow-hides, and saliva ; legs. wind, flex- 
ures and |K)siures and chairs ; dissolving views of the gallant Col<»nel 
and " Yallcr Tom," and the Red I*egs and what not;— all the forte-e-e 
fight.s, big and little, free and circumscril>ed. which iV the 

acribc's fantastic career; these trivial things cannot Ik- i as 

ex-idence to impeach a fact well known to all. that the Quaker is of 
that salt of the earth, which has lost the least savour of any of the 



54 The Roviaiiiic History 



absurd sects into which we find ourselves cut up ; that while they 
have all along protested earnestly against a row of any kind, from a 
dog-fight to Gettysburg, the logic of events by which they are influ- 
enced and from which they cannot escape, like an atom of water in 
some " vast river of unfailing source," in whose destiny they are irrev- 
ocably involved and from which they cannot disengage themselves — 
the logic of events has forced them to take a hand ; and it must be 
added to their credit, that they have enjoyed it and wrought nobly for 
the Truth and for the advancement of civilization for centuries. Their 
sons fought with the foremost and died the death of heroes in all the 
battles for the Union, and we have used the career of Col. Daniel Read 
Anthony, for whom we have a sincere and hearty respect, to illustrate 
our claim that the Quaker is "chock" full of human nature and ain't 
going to roll over on his back, and take it when he is kicked, like a 
'possum, any oftenerthan other people. In fine, they follow the Mas- 
ter, who would turn the reverse cheek for the second rebuke, if the 
facts warranted that course. But right here : let us not deceive our- 
selves ; we do not believe He went among the grasping and insolent 
money-changers with a wisp of straw in His hand, crying " Sho ! sho! " 
and that the scowling Shylocks fled before Him like sheep ; but that 
He grasped the thonged lash of the lictor, and when the hook-nosed 
misers gnashed their teeth upon Him, He came down upon their 
cringing backs with the cuts of the whipping-post, doubly meant! O, 
no ! the corrupt, claw-fingered usurers did not go from the Temple for 
the asking, no more than they do to-day ! They went under the scourge 
of Him who pointed significantly to the sword when He wanted to 
interpret His mission in its profoundest meaning. 

We have used the career of Colonel Anthony to illustrate our 
contention, that the Quaker feels the force of the great Exemplar's 
practice as well as His teaching. What orator stands up nowadays 
and visits upon his enemies such scathing denunciations as Christ 
flung into the faces of the Pharisees of His day ? And do we expect 
peace or war from such a course of action ? Peace ultimately, but war 
as a means to an end. 

Leavenworth in 1857 had a population of 4,000. Lots on the 
levee were held at $10,000 ; on Fourth and Fifth streets the price was 
$2,000, and along the hills westward the price asked was $1,200. 
Prices were advancing ; money plentiful ; speculation rife. One lot, 
that cost $8 at the opening of the spring trade, sold for $2,200 in mid- 



of tht JjouUiana Purchase. Tf' 

summer. Three miles out laud sold at $1(M) per acre, and when plat* 
ted into lots, at $HM> each. The Planter's House had been opened for 
business in the fall of ls">»V and this famous, old-time hostelry — now 
in course of rejuvenation — was overflowing with the incoming tide of 
fortune seekers. 

Leavenworth was justly considered to have decided advantages 
over the other river towns. It lay contiguous to the Fort. Cincin- 
nati, Si. L<juis, Chicago, Detroit, and San Francisco had all started 
as adjuncts to military reservations. The paralUl wis t'ull <«r promise, 
and was accepted as proof, sound as Holy Writ. 

Later on, at the close of the war, in 1S«V«», Lcavcuwurth lo<jked 
more like a great city than any other point between St. Louis and San 
Francisco. She had three railroads, three daily papers, gas, brick 
blocks, and the air of a metropolis. There were saloons galore, fam- 
ous restaurants, and great Ka">c, in the lair of the " tiger." The jwlit- 
ical atmosphere had cleared up after the prolonged and devastating 
storm of Civil War. The fierce hates and savagery of a decade were 
exhausted, and many of the leaders in the strife, on both sides, rested 
in bloody graves. The despicable alK>litionist had triumphed at last, 
and smiled acro.ss the street at the di.scomfited. defeated, and impover- 
ished slaveholder. Most glorious of all, the Union had l>een saved, 
and the Republic took on new life and strength, and a securer destiny. 
Meanwhile the Leavenworth real estate broker leaned over the bar at 
the Planter's, his ample .shirt-front lit up by a stone of the first water, 
and gravely a.s.sured his vis-a-vU that New York might, po.ssibly, 
excee<l Leavenworth in population for a few years! 

St. Jo.seph, Leavenworth, and Kansas City were the three river- 
town rivals, all less than .seventy miles apart, and in the year 1H<W 
Kansas City had ll.<HH» population, St. Joseph is.OlK), and Leaven- 
worth *."J,'KX). Now, in this year of grace 1SU5, close after an inter\-al 
of thirty years, the equation .stands: Leavenworth, 2r».(MH>; St. 
Joseph, r»<>.« UK); Kansas City. 150.(HK). The two Kansas Cities and 
environs contain LMW.JHM) people. The municipal problem as affected 
by the military garrison has not met expectations in this instance, but 
it is loo early to give a definite answer as to the final outcome. This 
much can at lea.st l>e .said with confidence: Leavenworth is and ever 
will be one among the first towns in the Mi.ssouri Valley, and beyond 
all compari.son the very first as a desirable place for residence. The 
city is unit{ue among our Western centers of population, and posiiesscs 



56 The Romantic History 

attractions peculiar to itself, which will grow in importance rather 
than diminish. She is superior to most of the river towns in manu- 
facturing resources, but as a summer resort, national pleasure ground, 
and place of residence, she is par excellence. A word of admonition, 
however, is applicable at this point. As a cash investment she should 
begin at once to enlarge her park attractions ; to erect a Chautauqua 
pavilion, and engage in a summer round of pleasure, which would 
bring hither, daily, through the season, thousands of visitors, singly, 
and in groups, and by full train excursions. The new Leavenworth 
Hotel is right in line with these proposed advances, and the citizens 
should go forward as one man to the attainment of a higher municipal 
destiny. 

By voting an issue of bonds to run for a long term of years, at a 
low rate of interest, the city could open up a park on Pilot Knob, to 
include the beautiful Walnut Grove at the foot of the mountain, on 
the east. This bold promontory could be made, at small comparative 
expense, one of the noblest parks in the world. Few cities in the West 
have such a hill as that close at hand to embellish. The views from 
the summit are lovely beyond description ; and there is a natural 
growth of forest, and an open space of some ten acres under cultiva- 
tion, which could be sown to sward and space reserved for games. 

The reservoir there is an attraction rather than otherwise. Leav- 
enworth is naturally beautiful for residence, and the expenditure of 
one million dollars in opening up a magnificent park on Pilot Knob, 
the valley, including Fort Leavenworth and the National Home, would 
become irresistible to visitors, and the population of the city would 
double in less than ten years. 

The city possesses substantial backing in other natural resources : 
in the best and cheapest coal for the furnace, mined at our very doors ; 
in the best fire clays for brick and tile, and in quarries of the best 
building stone, of easy access. The indications are good for natural 
gas and coal oil, and discoveries of this kind will some day reward the 
searcher, beyond doubt. Salt-water baths from natural wells are 
among the useful features of the town. The city has an abundant 
water supply, a complete and ample gas plant, an extended trolley 
system of inter-communication, connecting the most thickly populated 
districts with Fort Leavenworth and the National Home, and the hote^ 
accommodations will soon rank with the best in the country. The city 
has a long-established and extensive wholesale trade ; her milling and 



0f Uu Louuio- 



Pu , . I.. 



manfacturiiig plants are notable examples of modern progress and 
development, and a stove foundry, the third lar>.;iNt in the I'nitcd 
Slates, gives direction to her ambition in the line of home products. 

Her glory lies in following the cue providentially given her as a 
Mecca for the patriotic vi>itor, and in her super-eminence as a place 
ot residence. Let her, therefore, open up one of the notable public 
parks of the nation on Pilot Knob, and adorn it and the city with 
public statues to her martyr heroes. What is required of the city, in 
a word, is to confess her inventor>', covet the best gifts, negotiate a 
loan, and take her rightful place as an enterprising manufacturing 
town and chiefest pleasure resort in the Missouri \'allcy. 

Pilot Knob is historic ground. In the dim pa^t the Indian on 
the war-path took his bearings from this projecting hill-top, where he 
ha<l built a mound of loose stones to guide him by day, and from 
whence a l>eacon of tlanie gave him a signal by night. Here the early 
martyrs to the free-state cause were buried, and as a place of sepulture 
it was known as Mount Atirora. It ceased to Ik: u.sed as a cemetery 
when the city placed the enclosed reservoir there, and there is nothing 
left of the burial plot but the {xjtter's field. 



r\N!! < H. LANE. 
"Genkral Co.mmanding jikst Brigade Kansas \oli.nthkks. 
" To ail who shall see these presents, g^teting: " 

On yesterday I walkc«l westward along Logan Avenue, following 
the south line of the Reser\ i'. i-'H t<> tlw (".i>\ • riuni nt T".irm, the scene 
of the death of Jim Lane. 

What husks are these ' 

There on a knoll, back from the road, Itehind a group of trees, now 
ragged and leafless in the mid winter .suspense, stands the old weather- 
beaten farm house of vertic.U l)oartls. l>attened. with its row of little 
three-pane transom windows running under the eave oi the up|>er half- 
story. Acro.«is the road, well )>ack. stands an ample barn of forlorn 
visage, a fit companion-piece in age and stortn )>eaten decrepitude to 
tlip cheap wooden structures opposite. Desolate, mean and comtn.in 



58 The Romantic History 



the meagre group of buildings, one of them untenanted, its window- 
less eyes staring and pleading for a postponement of the last gasp. 

In this land of humble beginnings, large hopes, and great achieve- 
ment, a senator of the United States might easily have been born in 
such a house as that, but by what untoward circumstance could one 
have died there ! Ample compensations abound, however. Beautiful as 
the Vale of Cashmere is the valley where he died, and the encircling 
hills, covered with forest, rise like a bulwark, even as the mountains 
lie round about the ancient city of David. Northward, across the 
billowy pasture-lands, now brown and sere, extending along and out 
from a grove of oaks, gray and sombre, shines white the stone wall 
enclosing the National Cemetery ; and over and beyond, on the high 
background, through an opening in the forest, we catch a glimpse of 
Sheridan's Drive, following the crest of the wooded hills, and half 
revealed through the leafless trees to the east and north is a row of 
officers' cottages. In the open front stands a handsome chapel, its 
spire like a stout dagger against the sky, and out of the depths of the 
elm-shaded grounds farther away rise venerable barracks and the 
massive stone and brick walls of ancient and modern garrison build- 
ings, flanked by still more elegant cottages. 

Mr. James H. Beddow, Deputy U. S. Marshal, and his family, 
now occupy the Farm-house, and dispense a quiet but generous hos- 
pitality there ; the interior being home-like and comfortable, quite in 
contrast with its neglected exterior. 

The Deputy is a veteran of forty-nine years' continuous service 
with "L'oncle Sam," and in age ranks Fort Leavenworth by a twelve- 
month, having been born in 1826. Remarkably erect, rugged, and 
active is this old-time dragoon of the regular service, now in his sixty- 
eighth year, and he mounts the historic mule with as much ease, 
apparently, as when he carried dispatches to Major Sedgewick, whose 
command was reported to have perished when Captain Sam Walker, 
down on the Waukarusa, literally " fired" Col. Titus, of Florida, out 
of house and fort by running a load of hay against the blind side of 
his fortress, and setting a match to it. 

On this mild, sunny, midwinter day the Deputy mounted the mule 
famous in local annals and kindly volunteered to act as guide along 
the dim, unused, private road which leads from the Government Farm- 
house northward, over the rolling pasture-lands, past the Cemetery, 
to the Garrison. Along this road, eight and twenty years ago, Jim 



of Ike Louisiana Pttrekase. 59 



Lnnc took his last ride. The rustic bridges which once spanned the 
gulches have rotted down and the stone abutments fallen in. The 
unrelenting years, how easily they blind the trail and efface the foot- 
prints of our brief and uncertain journey upon the earth ! 

At a stone's cast from the southeast corner of the Cemetery-wall 
once ran a partition fence, with a gateway at the point where the road 
passed through. Here, in the evening of July 1. IH«MJ, on this spot, 
returning from dress parade at the Garrison, the Government ambu- 
lance, containing the senator and his brother-in-law's family, which 
at that time occupied the Government Farnj-house, halted. Lane him- 
self got down andoi>ened the gate, and, as the vehicle passed through, 
he drop|)ed behind, and with the word ** good-bye." placed the muzzle 
of a pistol in his mouth aiui fire<i. the ball passing out at the top of 
the skull and through his hat. The breathing but uncon.scious man 
was driven to the Farm-house, where he lingered nine full days and 
died, without sign, the death of the suicide. Col. D. R. Anthony says 
that, on visiting him, as he lay on the couch, the dying man made slight 
signs, and the family thought he recognized his friend, but this seemed 
incredible for one of even Gen. Lane's extraordinary vitality. 

To sum up after the fact, we are prone to believe that Lane was a 
man who. at birth, by " first intention," as the surgeons say. was 
endowed with that [Peculiar nervous temperament which, under favor- 
ing conditions, would .solve the riddle of life by turning upon himself and 
delivering a fatal stroke. In other words, it does not .seem unnatural 
that this di.straught. highly sublimated nature, which ever in its most 
passionate moments seemed to cross the .sane boundary line— it does 
not seem out of keeping with itself that it should go out in eclipse. 

And we believe this to be a sufficient answer to the malicious glee 
with which his enemies have attempted to becloud a life singularly 
audacious, wary, and forceful a career marked by honorable .services 
in the Mexican War, followed by incessant political turbulence and 
oflBce-holding in Indiana, parti.san activity in Kansas in the late fifties. 

and this again by the chaos, rivalri - s. and corruption of civil 

war. And more, the envious an . may keep on wagging 

their empty pates and looking preternaturally wise— Jim Lane, with 
all his faults, and we are not blind to any of them, was of the stuff of 
which heroes arc made, and his name and intluence in the cause of 
Free Kansas will live as a popular idol in spite of detraction which 
has already exhau.sted itself in a vain effort to dishonor and cloud his 
memory. 



GO The Romayitic History 



But to return for a moment to the tragedy at the pasture gate. 
Is the inference far-fetched that the mind which, as a sensitized plate, 
takes on a myriad delicate, almost unconscious, and rapidly succeeding 
impressions from nature and all outward objects, received in this 
instance the fatal suggestion to end all here and at once from the sweet 
and peaceful picture of the cemetery close at hand, upon which his 
eyes must have rested as upon the last scene of earth. 

" Here warmly through the fleeting years 
The summer sun has shone, 
Some winged guest has made its nest 
And tender flowers have grown." 

There has never appeared in our uational history a more interest- 
ing personalit}^ than Jim L,ane. He was essentially a Western charac- 
ter, and fitted perfectly into his environment in Kansas during the 
fifties. There was a providence and a purpose, as we believe there is 
something definite in intent and direction in the life of every man — 
that went about in the ancient and half bald seal-skin coat and calf- 
skin vest. Indeed he was not arrayed like the lily, nor did he come 
up as a flower ; but rather like a root out of dry ground, typically lean, 
and without comeliness; rough and ready in style; not prepossessing 
in manners nor appearance; but something of a Lothario, and esteemed 
himself dangerous when he met the Sylphide ! Tall — more attenuated 
than John J. Ingalls — which, on the face of it, appears a preposterous 
absurdity. A good figure with which to try conclusions under the 
rules of the code, for at a full front there was little to shoot at, and 
turned edgewise nothing. The advantages of such a figure under the 
conditions alluded to can be better appreciated when we recall Gen. 
Jackson's duel with young Dickenson, the best pistol shot of his time 
in the South. Jackson, who was himself a good shot and a man of 
iron nerve, took no chances at this meeting, and saved his life in the 
only possible way left open to him — by cool dishonesty! He appeared 
on the field in a loose-fitting but closely buttoned alpaca duster, with 
which, by crooking his body imperceptibly, and by introducing another 
deception — setting the buttons of his coat an inch out of line — his 
enemy was deceived as to the precise line of the heart, and although 
he gave "Old Hickory" a wound which he afterward confessed never 
healed, and which finally caused his death, was considered as good as 
a miss at the time. To conclude this digression, Jackson withheld 
his fire, and gave his antagonist a mortal wound, saying that he would 



of tht Louisiana Purchase. 61 



have killed Dickenson even with a ball through his own l>r«in — the 
hard-headed old scampi 

A plain, beardless face was Lane's — a towering, full fotim.i.i im 
whole lit up with eyes that had the glint of genius. In figure and 
asjH'ct much like Patrick Htnry. but more nearly like him as an orator 
than any man who has held a crowd as in the hollow of his hand since 
177»V They were unlike, as one star differeth from another star in 
glory, in this, that Lane was the incarnation of restless energy and 
I>erseverance. lithe and wiry in muscular frame, capable of great endur- 
ance, wearing out other men in the saddle. 

Always at high tension, the rapidity of his mental processes was 
^iich that he seemed to see the end from the bcginTiing at a glance: 
while others considered the terms of a proposition, he had already 
soU'ed it. His conclusions were intuitions or inspirations expres.sed. 
;is on the platform, in oral pictures which his auditors recognized as 
true to life and truth. By a single stroke of dramatic .speech the crowd 
were .startled, amused, convinced, arou.sed to action. In the mixed 
isserablages that pre.ssed to hear him on the streets of Leavenworth 
«nd elsewhere on the border tliere were vicious men who wanted to 
kill him ; but they only scowled and listened, for all men. whether 
ihey agreed with him or not. were irresistibly drawn to hear him talk. 

Like Patrick Henr>-, passionate, vehement, inten.se, unlettered : 
m oratorical acrobat, now at the top of the pyramid exultingly sound- 
inv: the trumpet note of victory, or winding the bugle call to arms, or 
ilcs<ending upon his enemies, like Lucifer from heaven, in a thunder- 
l)olt of wralh ! Atlame. his slnfls sped afar like arrows of light from 
the quiver of the rising King of Day. Was there an enemy to puni.sh. 
he was quenched in his bUKxlcurdling a.spirate ' What heights, what 
ilepths were Lane's ! At a bound, bathed in the blending tints and 
unspeakable glorie.H of the Delectable Mountains, or lost in the black- 
ness of 

" The niKHt'* {tlutoniao thore ' " 

tratj iimita- 

tion.s. Like Stephen A. Douglas, Jim Lane was as blind as the fish 
of the Mammoth Cave to the moral aspects of a* ry 

withal: ani, like his great conicmponiry, he was .• . a 

'C successful, intriguer for Number One : but to what compUxion 
ti... a all come at last.* To this, for the "Little Giant," that he lived 



62 The Romayitic History 

to witness the complete triumph of his incomparable rival, and to hold 
his hat at his inauguration ; and as for Lane — but let us drop the cur- 
tain, and proceed to the second act. 

Books have been written to damn Jim Lane ; and what is the 
front and burden of his offending? That he was trained in the pro- 
slavery school and changed tardily, never, down to his last hour, being 
able to overcome his early prejudices against a "nigger." The first 
Governor of the State of Kansas, for instance, has consigned Lane to 
the furnace of purification because he took his cue from the logic of 
events, along with John A. Logan, John A. Dix, Stephen A. DouglaS, 
Edwin M. Stanton, and a host of others, whom Robinson would exon- 
orate because they were without the Mt. Oread pale of personal rivalry 
and prejudice. 

In what respect were these more noble than Lane? Did they 
make any greater personal sacrifices for the Union ? Ah ! my country- 
men ; prithee, forgive ! Thy slave hath forgotten the heroes of a glori- 
ous past! I mind me now what time the guns of Sumter summoned 
the nation to long and bloody war, how Wendell Phillips, Henr)' Ward 
Beecher, and their retainers, like Robinson, hatless and bootless, rushed 
to the front with their ground swords in their teeth, buckling on their 
.scabbards as they ran. Forgive me, friends, this error of mistaking 
Lane for Robinson — the chief captain of the Union hosts. I confess 
before the world that in this, to use the language of Uncle Remus, " I 
dropped my molasses jug." 

Here and there, too, the voice of the maligner is heard, question- 
ing Lane's courage. The father of this lie was Quantrell, the grovel- 
ing scoundrel, who, with sword and torch, stole upon the sleeping 
town by night to make havoc among women and children. Robinson, 
a political perfectionist, wrote a book to aid and abet the Quantrell 
libel, and tries to prove it by Henry W. Halleck and Tom Ewing. 
Here is a brace of military heroes. Ewing achieved this distinction 
by the accident of having a brother-in-law who was a soldier in fact, 
and as for Halleck, he was the most conspicuous and incomparable 
ass in the long list of dismal failures in the field during the Civil War. 
He had made some money in California, and, as a part of the by-play 
of his mighty mind, indulged himself the recreation and divertisement 
of writing a book on the science of war, in which, in his own fatherly 
view, was concentered the wisdom of the ages. 

In the days of sinning without light or knowledge, immediately^ 



of tke Louisiana Purchase. 0? 

following the gtins of Sumter, when the corporals and lieutenants of 
yesterday were the colonels and brigadiers of to day, and the ymall- 
bore captains of to-day tlic major-generals of to-morrow, a plum of the 
larger size fell to the lot of Hctiry W. 

Nor did his waist measurement fall short on account of it. Forth- 
with he snatched his "grip," and. with a particularly severe and war like 
frown on his military brow, came east to see what was up. He had knowl- 
edge, whilst on the Pacific coa.st, among other things, of an impecu- 
nious and somewhat dissipated, though personally pure and honorable, 
captain in Uncle Sam's .service, who had taken ihe precaution against 
dismissal to resign his commission and to precede him to St. Louis, 
where he was engaged in the arduous duty of trying to supjwrt a young 
and growiug family. Roostini; high, his two stars aglitter. Henry W. 
was wont to regard the unfortunate captain, so far as he gave him any 
thought at all, as an altogether contemptible and worthless i>erson, 
and was nmch surpri.sed to he.ir that he had tendered anew his .services 
to the Goveniment, and had already entered upon the second and last 
chapter of his militan.' exixrience. 

The great major-general from San Franci.sco — San Francisco! the 
glamour of her early days was still potent, and affected the imagina- 
tions of men- San Francisco, siill euphemistic, as lying at the Golden 
Gate — seemed to add much to the greatness and largeness and mys- 
tcr>' of Henry W., who took (juartcrs in St. Louis, establishing him- 
self and his retinue in a mansion of many apartments, and with the 
u.sual toggery of guards and tlunkies and .salaams. 

Abreast of all this the poor captain aforesaid borrowed money to 
gel a suit of blue clothing, fjuirtly buckled on his .sword and took the 
field ; and all the world knows n hat happened and how it came to pas.s. 

Henry W.. backed by an army of more than a hundred thousand 
men— veterans of Island N<v I'>. Donclson, and Shiloh— rewarded 
the devotion of his troops, through his nerveless timidity, with the 
emptineM. barrenness, and mihtary littleness of the campaign against 
Corinth. During the thirty <!.us of this twenty-mile advance H." ' 
was invisible to his troops; is much of a myth as the Caliph <>t 
dad. We never saw him riding along the outposts alone, like Grant 
at Mission Ridge, wh-i ■ illy knew every foot of tV ' nd he 

was to fight over, and u not avcr.se to the humo; cs of 

the situation, and could sit on his horse and talk to the rebel picket 
acroaa the creek ! O, he was a dear old man. Grant was ' 



64 The Ro7nantic History 

Fortune favored Henry W., nevertheless, and he hied him to 
Washington in a palace car. 

The silent captain of cordwood memory quietly went to Wash- 
ington also, by a circuitous route, the names of the stations being 
Belmont, Henry, Donelson, Sliiloh, Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, The 
Wilderness, Appomattox, 

The one began with a bank account and a major-general's com- 
mission, and ended where he began, his escutcheon an absolute blank. 
The other rose out of deepest poverty and the command of a regiment, 
to be the first soldier of modern times ; a ruler outranking kings ; called 
to temporary sovereignty by the will of a free people, in a Republic 
of imperial domain, incalculable wealth, unapproachable in military 
power — not in the strength of her standing armies, but in her match- 
less faith in herself, interpreted as the will of God ! 

It was in the early days at St. Louis, when Henry W. Halleck, 
domiciled in the clouds as commander of the department, that Dr. 
Robinson sought the General's aid to crush Jim lyane. He might as 
w^ell have tried to put out the sun with a squirt-gun, for as a current 
maxim common to everybody, there was more horse-sense in one hour 
of Jim Lane's active brain than filtered through the brain of Halleck 
during the whole war. 

As fertile and resourceful in political intrigue as Machiavelli or 
old Talleyrand, his was real genius in the advancement of things 
essential to his personal glory or profit. A Caesarian ambition indeed, 
without which he would be less than man. As a bold rider he could 
endure with the Apache, the Cossack, or the Tartar. His thighs no 
larger than the ankles of some men, he wrapped those withe-like legs 
under his horse with a cinch of his own, and clung to his saddle like 
a wraith. At the halting-place he would say to his boys, "Now give 
me twenty minutes for a nap," and he would fling himself at full length 
on the ground, bury his face in his arms, and sleep like a child, rising 
as fresh betimes as though he had slept for hours. 

Few of our public men, of the last generation, possessed Lane's 
talents for both the field and the council chamber, but this double 
equipment in him was a source of weakness, for, the temptation in 
both directions being equally strong, he was at constant war with him- 
self, and he no sooner felt success within his grasp in one direction 
than he abandoned the pursuit for fear of losing something in the 
other, and so his reward was less than if he had given himself unre- 



of tht Louisiana Purchase. 



05 




Photographer 



S. W. COR. loth 
and MAIN ST. 
KANSAS CITY. MO. 

FIRST CLASS WORK MODERATE PRICES. 



L.r.KLBKMAM. TBLKI'lloilK tr«U. 8. TKOTTBB- 

KLBEMAN, TROTTER & CO. 

MAN! ^ \i TfltKIt^ 

Builders' Wire and Iron Work, 

Blev«tQr fcocloaiirea. Kire KBca|>c», window UoanU. lUnk and umeo Ralllnra, 
Wirn KUiwer 8t«ndB. •^«tt«••« mimI Chnlr*, Ponltry N>tllnK. U'iro ciotlMi. etc. 




Co\-BiixMiiivT Farm HortMi, LooAii AVS., 



•cm or ma IMuni or Jnt Laki. 



66 The Roma}itic History 



servedly to either. His rivals and foes in political council had reason 
to remember him, for he was not the least successful aspirant of his 
day, but it always appeared to the best judges of the time easily possi- 
ble for Jim Lane to have become a great leader of cavalry. Beyond 
question, he had many of the choicest gifts of the true son of Mars. 
Daring, yet wary ; intrepid and impetuous, yet coldly calculating. But 
above all, he could inspire his men as no other could do, and all things 
seemed possible to him as a soldier. 

" He is a very persistent fellow," said Abraham I^incoln in 1863 ; 
" he is at my door every morning." Lane was conscious of his ability 
to do worthy things in the field, but was loth to give up both honors 
and fame in the Senate, and so fell short altogether. 

We cannot close this desultory and imperfect sketch of a great 
partisan leader without a passing glimpse of him at the head of the free- 
-state force before Lecompton, where they had laid siege to the town to 
enforce the demand for the release of the free-state prisoners. The 
strong arm of the Government interposed to keep the peace, and as 
Col. St. Geo. Cooke rode up to the patriots in the brush on his errand 
of intervention and asked H. Miles Moore in a tone of authority for 
" the commander of this force," Lane stood under a tree some distance 
away, clad in a blue woolen shirt and slouch hat, conveying to his 
lieutenant by mental telegraphy and meaning glances his caution to be 
non-committal on all leading questions. The suspense at this moment 
was aching with strong desire on the part of the free-state boys to 
"knock h — out of Old Shannon and his capital," and on the part of 
the Government to exercise the paternal sovereignty to prevent a 
fight, although the regulars, divided in sentiment, on general principles 
would as soon have a little "scrap " as not. 

Bayonets, in a free country, do a good deal of hard thinking on 
occasion, and we can't wonder at 'em — and right here we stop long 
enough to ask. How long will it be in our dear native country, with 
an army largely composed of heterogeneous material, saturated with 
the current social ferment and error, before the guns in action will be 
turned against us, as the French troops went over to the enemies of 
the state in the revolutionary period ? It is now proposed to draw in 
strong detachments of the military and quarter them in permanent 
posts near the great centers of our population. Can you guess the 
far-reaching portent of all this ? 

Enough; to our muttons: There stood Old Bicknell with his 



0j the Louisiana Purchase. 



67 



battery of one gun— a duplicate of "Old Kickapoo"— cr>ing. '*0, just 
give me one shot at 'em ! I 've got her loaded to the muzzle ; just let 
her roar oiicc ! ' Col. Cooke finally succeeded in getting Maj. Moore 
to point Lane out. with whuni it was arranged that the besiegers 
should retire. 

Fun? One day the " l)oys," as lie was wont to call his devoted 
followers, in hilarious conclave, affected to question the General's 
modesty. Addressing them from the platform in one of those inimita- 
ble speeches, he adverted to this personal characteristic and said, 
gravely, that on coming to his majority, his dear old mother, deeply 
concerned for his welfare, anticipating the difficulties he would encoun- 
ter -the thorny barriers which bar the progress of the ambitious, 
" Henry," said she, solemnly. " you know that modesty runs in the 
b'.ood ; that this trait in your ancestors has, by the law of heredity, 
come to unwonted perfection in you. and I charge you. Henr>*. to" — 
Here his voice was lost in the chopping sea of badinage, yells, and 
laughter, and awaiting the pleasure of the good-natured crowd, he 
(tood like an attenuated Uncle Sim. in affected astoni>hment. 

For gootl or ill the books are closed against the record of this 
Knight of the Border, and his name and fame are being rapidly trans- 
muted into a sort of legend like that of F'rancis Marion, the Swamp Fox 
of the Carolinas. These men were both a prime necessity to a great 
cause in the region where they «>pcrated, and so long as Truth is justi- 
fied of her children, the memory f)f both will be cherished, admired, 
and praised. The envious who hasten to distort the truth and exag* 
geratc weaknesses. l>ecause of conscious inferiority in their attempt 
to measure up to the subject of this sketch, may indulge their 
gjlx's -there are men still living, good and tnie— veterans of the Kan- 
sas fifties -who swear that Jim Lane was the truest man to his friends 
and to his country that God ever made ! 

" Rr%-ile him not ; ihr tempter hath 
A •nnrr for all. 
And pitying tr«r». not tcorn or wrath, 
Brfit hid tall." 



The Missouri Pacific Railway— the great southwest system— see 



68 



1 he National Home. 




1,000 Veterans at Dinner. 



THE NATIONAL HOME. 

Visitors to the Western Branch of the National Home, Eeaven- 
worth County, Kansas, usually desire to be shown the Ward Memorial 
building, occupied as headquarters by the officers of the branch. Here 
a guide may be found who will conduct strangers through the public 
library and the other places of interest. 

A glimpse at the wards in the barracks, with a word of detail as 
to " how we live," is always acceptable to those who are making their 
first call. 

The dinner hour at 12 m. is the general assembly, which the vis- 
itor will wish to take in. If it is on a Wednesday or Sunday, the Home 
Band, under Prof. Meyrilles, wall give four selections, divided between 
the first and second tables. The dining hall is one of the noblest 
apartments of its kind in the Union. 

The kitchen, superb in its appointments, adjoins at the rear. 
Delay here from 11:30 to 12 o'clock and see the food dished up and 
rolled down the center aisle on the wheeled "two-deckers." Tarry 
till the gong sounds and see 1,000 men pass in and take their seats. 
There would be lots more fun in it for you if the captain would "hunch" 
you in the ribs and tell you to "sit down and take suthin'," but don't 
feel slighted if he seems to forget. You are hungry enough to eat 



1 iu AaJu'ttit no 

Mveii raw turnips, and he knows it and is feeling awful mean about 
it. but he 's doing businei^s for his Uncle with a big U, and you know 
how it is yourself, we can get along with alnost anyl>ody better than 
with our own kin. When you arc tired lo<jking at other jK-ople raid 
the dinner-table, fall back on the Home Restaurant, where you will 
find a twenty-five-cent spread that will make you feel like staying 
around for a week or two. And if there is anything lacking at the 
close of the feast, a sort of goneness, as it were, which the pale, pic- 
torial amber might alleviate — but there we go again; Uncle don't 
allow it. There are some drnwhacks in heini.' a free .Anu-ricMn citi/en, 
after all. 

The Canteen is open t'' tuc veteran, nut i m^in i<< liu- ' iti/in. 
That is to say. in the Canteen and the Gold Cure our glorious uncle has 
provided for both the veterans temptation and his redemption. So 
kind of Uncle SamI And there are people exploiting themselves over 
a condition that has made Keele\ a millionaire. 

Another curious coincidence in connection with the Canteen in 
operation at the National Home has long l>€cn a matter of public 
comment. I refer to the singular concurrence of the regular quar- 
terly payment of pensions and the prompt arrival at the Home of two 
cars of Anhciiscr-Busch's "best ' direct from St. Louis. In noting this 
regularly recurring incident, now for some years l(K>ke<l upon as a part 
of the slated or.!cr of business in the Home administration, no one has 
thought for a moment of construing it av il provision whereby 

the Home treasury might profit l>y the ex it thcCniJtcen on and 

immediately after pension day Perish the thought! 

Af' ! in a . ' ral reform, an<i !»< u. 

thing'' sere. Ill • lationof Keeley with j 

Our fears ate quieted and all doubts put to rest when the chaplain 
.stands up in Ir ' ' ' .f the w- ' nts with 

pride to our twt; sat the ' e. \Vc 

are the people! " 

And. to say the IcaM ot :i.:' 
upon as a public enemy who li;i 
menl upon this feature of " Home " life. 

The y« 
take them - 

at your service, for an hour's spin on the water, and good black bass 
fishing also. 



70 



The National Home. 




1,AKE JEANETTE AND HOSPITAL W. B. N. H. U. V. S. 

The immense hospital is near at hand, and the annex for conva- 
lescents also, both of which possess a sad interest for the friends of the 
veterans. 

Chief Surgeon D. C. Jones is in charge, with a competent staff of 
assistant surgeons and an efficient corps of trained nurses. 

We hope at no distant day to see the Home grounds and certain 
reservations at the Fort provided with convenient and elegant pavil- 
ions, lavatories, and seats, so that the tired visitor, particularly women 
and children, may not dread a day's outing at these beautiful grounds. 



The bugle is sounding " retreat " under our barrack window. 
Night and silence have fallen, and a brigade of two thousand men are 
in their blankets. I always try to go to sleep before the bugle sounds ; 
otherwise it may keep one brooding and sad far into the night. It is 
the bugle that gives us pause, and over the open grave of the veteran 
it speaks the same strain of farewell. 

The legions of memories its lingering notes recall to newness of 
life ! The remembrance of vast battle-fields, covered with smoke ; the 
swollen figures of the slain; the swift passage of batteries ; the sullen 
boom of distant guns ; the exultant shout from thousands of throats, 
receding down miles of battle-front like lessening thunder! It is the 
bugle note that speaks loudest to me of the fullness of the past and 



The Nathnai I/otnf 



'A 






EVERY ELECTRIC CAR IN 
THE CITY FORT AND 
SOLDIERS HOME 
RUNS DIRECT AND STOPS 
AT OUR DOOR. 

We Qsk you to step 
\r) and see our Stock. 

r I KNAPP /& no Cor. 3d and Delaware Sts., 
u. ii. nnnii u uv/., leavenwort h. - - Kansas. 

the leanness of the present. Then we rode on life's tumultuous, top- 
most wave ; now we are in the trough of the sea. water-lodged and 
foundered. Then our faces were glorified by the reflected light of the 
red shield of Mars; now we sii like stuffed toads and blink the heavy 
hours away ! 




I had been away on furloin^h for a year. On my return I asked 
"Mack" about the death of Bob. This poor lad of sixty years 
belonged to an Indiana batter \ .md in his day had l>een a shrewd man 
of the world. He was a near rrl.uive of Vinnic Ream, the artist, whose 
statue of Lincoln stands in the National Pantheon at Washington. " It 
was a winter's night here in ul«l Ward One." said Mack. " and Bob was 
ver>' bad; we were up with him the most of the night, and in the 
morning he was taken to the convalescent barrack for better care. 
There he sank rapidly and .soon died. The burial <lay was inclement 
and the regular funeral escort did not turn out. and so Andy and I 
and a few others went out and saw poor Ik)b laid away." It is so that 
these men, who have made the names of Giant and Sherman and 
Meade and Thomas and Slurid.in immortal, rccross the ghostly shore, 
and have laid them down where the ancient river rolls. 



72 The National Home. 



I have always admired the picture of the old American fifer of the 
Revolution, in the full bloom of his desperate patriotism ! Look at 
him, hatless, as his proud form strides along, his nether jaw drawn 
down and giving forth the ear-piercing notes of "Yankee Doodle." 
Patrick Henry's defiant outburst has sunk deep into his soul, and the 
old man is young again, and depend upon it, he would stand with his 
well-ground sword and defend the flag of his country against the 
world ! O yes ; we laugh at and embrace him with all our heart. 



A GHASTLY SACRILEGE. 

It is the soldier's choice and his glory to be buried where he fell. 
What a ghastly sacrilege is this in which ye have been engaged ! Let 
these sleepers rest the awful ages through on the spot where they 
died. Ye are building lettered memorials on the sacred spot. Why 
do ye tear their bones from the earth baptized with their blood ? But 
ye have taken away the lords of our battle-fields, and where have ye 
laid them ? Our immortal dead once had hallowed sepulture by pow- 
der-grimed hands that loved them well, and on the field of their fame. 
And now ye come with rude jest, irrelevant banter, and profane touch 
to disturb their deep repose, and to cart their poor bones away to alien 
soil, where in rectangular and conventional preciseness the paltry 
stones rise in meaningless rows! Our children will forever worship 
on yonder mount of sacrifice ; but ye say the National Cemetery is the 
place to worship. Did not the stones cry out, and was no voice raised 
against this violation of the gory sepulchres of our kings? This is the 
cemetery indeed, but yonder is the shrine ; here is the landscape gar- 
dener and his rod and chain, but yonder is the soil stained with the 
blood of heroes ! 

And this is the fitting place! Here nature reigns ; here is the 
tangled grass, the wild flower in its native grace, the strange sweet 
odors of the wildwood. Here our native songsters wake the morning 
echoes with their jubilant chorus, and here in piteous plaint they 
softly breath their vesper hymn. Here lift your cenotaphs; here let 
your sinuous paths wind; here lie the flower of our youth— true 
princes of the blood; and here, in the name of Christ our Lord, let 
them rest " till the night is gone and the shadows flee away " ! 

Look about you ! Seest thou these sentinel pines, these ancient 
oaks, riven by the thunderbolts of war? these majestic elms, graven 
deep, and their hearts laid bare by the vengeful wedges of battle ? 

Here in one awful hour the wrongs of centuries were righted. 



Tk4 National Home. 



And now yc come here in your thoughtless pity to gaah again 
earth's bleeding bosom, and take from her fond embrace the dust 
which she hath received hack to her nourishing heart I 

I bless God ye lalx»r in vain I Ye may indeed drag forth these 
poor bones, but the brave hearts that once beat high at the rising tide 
of battle, and the fair young faces once lit by the flame of smoking 
guns, this dear earth hath received them to herself, and the <j1<1. old 
mother mocks at your picks and shovels. 

Away with you I In the sight of men and angels ye arc accursed .' 
Come not here with your polluting touch, for this is holy ground. 

As we tread these solemn heights, out of the sighing wind comes 
an appealing voice, saying : " It is the will of God ; let us rest in 
peace ! " 

Hover still over the plains of Marathon, legend says, the ghosts 
of Hellenic heroc-*; Miltiades and his group of generals are there, and 
the voices of the night give forth the shock of wide-extended battle! 
And we doubt not that the spirits of the fallen sons of the Republic re- 
visit the scenes where in mortal strife Truth was made manifest. To 
this holy of holies the youth of America may come to gird his sword 
on his thigh, and to swear eternal fealty to the stars that pale not and 
to the stripes that have waved in triumph on a thousand battle-fields! 

Divorce, except for heinous crimes, is accur.sed of God, and this 
one of the removal of our slain from the spot where they fell, perpe- 
trated by heedless, misguided, and unsanctified authority, is doubly 
regretful in every thoughtful niind. 

After the battle of Mission Ridge and the flight of the rebel army, 
and following our return from Knoxville, I stood in the late autumn 
of iS'iS upon the battle-field of Chickamauga. The Federal dead were 
fitly resting where they fell, and on Gen. Thomas's front I marked the 
position of a rel>el batter>*, tlu- scarred and trampled earth still giving 
every sign of the harvest of dtath reaped here ' On this spot I picked 
up the eyelet end of a leather tug of artillery harness, severed by a 
sabre stroke. The eylet itselt w.is not the smooth and j ist- 

ing such as adcrned the Federal harness, but had l>een palie:...:. -alen 
out and fashioned on the anvil and rudely but stoutly riveted to the 
leather, and the small relic ha<lan interest of its own could it ken 

its own history. Here in "one red burial blent " lay an olti>- six- 
teen men of a Louisiana battery, and I challenge earth to show a nobler 
burial. Here together, "on the field of their fame, fresh and gory.' 



74 The National Home. 



these American soldiers — our foes that day — gave proof of their man- 
hood and of the glorious stuff of which American soldiers are made 
by sealing their claim to the world's admiration with their blood. And 
palsied be the hand that could break in upon their glorified slumbers, 
and cart off the kingly sleepers to a cheap and second-hand funeral in 
alien soil. 

What wreck profane hands have made of this altar of American 
valor in these two and thirty years I know not, but I- have a strong 
suspicion that the desecration has been complete, as of all others. 

And say wdiat you will, the misgiving will forever abide that the 
sleeper beneath is not correctly portrayed by the inscription on the 
headstone. 

In my admiration of these fallen braves I had forgotten that they 
had ever been our enemies. 

What boots that ye cannot name every sleeper in the lowly bed 
where he was first laid. This ye were not able to do in any event, 
and so much the less reason for disturbing them. 

I, for one — and there are millions like me — wash my hands of 
this unwonted, untimely, profane resurrection of our dead. 

The noblest inscription ever graven in granite to commemorate 
our illustrious dead, slain in defense of the integrity and honor of the 
Union, is that significant and solemn declaration : 

To THE Unknown. 

Only the great stone rests not upon the right spot. 

Eternal truth, and the immeasurable heritage of the Father's love 
which he hath bestowed upon his children, as expressed in the ideal 
love of country, is nobly declared and vindicated in these three words; 
and I call the youth of my country to witness that if there be any con- 
solation, and inspiration for human hearts in the surrender of life and 
one's very name to the glory and perpetuity of the Republic, it may be 
found in these awful words of mystery and sacrifice. Sons and daugh- 
ters of our dear Columbia, seek 3^6 for proof of the high ideal of patri- 
otic devotion in the heroic age of the Republic ? Fling your flowers 
here, and upon this block of memorial granite hang your wreaths of 
immortelles. 

The ill-trained hirelings were too uncertain in their botched 
and reckless work of fitting and joining the poor bones broken and 
splintered by the iron sledges of war. Out of such a jumble as stands 



Th€ National Hottu. 75 

to their charge the poor lads will have trouble in adjusting their artic- 
ulated framework when the angel with one foot on land and one on 
aea shall sound the general reveille. 

I know very well that it would vex me to stand there in the "dark 
offing" with my wings folded and look on at those fellows giving my 
skull (on an even trade!) for that fellow's femur, and this ni< !'cnt 

tibia of mine, fit for service, they toss to Touj because he > be 

short, and for one great toe mislaid they offer me nothing at all, 
alth(>U);h there are plenty of stjuare-toed feet to choose from. No, sir! 
I couM wish they had let me alone. I was doin^ \ er \ well. The boys 
gave me the best lodgings they had on the dark and bloody ground, 
and the sweetsmelliuK turf has healed the wounds for which there 
was no other earthly balm. 

And now these lewd fellows of the ba.ser sort come here to take 
me away from the bedfellows once wrapjK'd with me in the wrathful 
fires of contending hosts, and to put me — what they can find of me-- 
in strange quarters, pieced out with bits of other folk! And all the 
consolation I have is in seeing the giant there, who requited me ill* 
comi>elled to give up the l>est part of his backbone for the dwarf's 
basket of ribs, which make a sorry display and inadequate neath the 
chin of the disgruntled Goliath. 

Gentlemen, I am ashamed of you for this day's work, and of my 
dismantled condition, and salute you with such grace as a soldier with 
a disfigured and much mixed identity can command. 



SOLDIERS' HOMKS IN FOREIGN LAND.S 

PKNSIONKRS I.KAVINO THK INVAI.IDKS. 

Before very long it is cxiKcicd that the Hotel des Invalides — the 
gilt dome of which forms such a conspicuous landmarl in Paris — will 
have cea«^d to exist, at all events as what may be called the home of 
the French Chelsea pensioners. By degrees the number of pensioners 
lodged there has diminished until they are a mere handful. It seems 
that ol«l soldiers do not care to continue to live in barracks after their 
retirement, but that they prefer a pension out.side. I>c it ever .so small. 
Owing lo the decrease in the number of pensioners, a public sale has 
been held at the place of furniture and other superfluous articles. 



Tki Ik'aiional Homr. T7 



Ladirvwt" ' byy tlieir ^ _ (lur rarlliiira for m«nufactHrlaff 

HAIR «• roiI.I'.T /^H^^ ^"^•'* TOIPF.HH AND 

At VINCKMX'S, flBK' Uli Air unf«|u»«c<l In Ihr Wr«l. Wc 

Wbr > f»t- rT?^" T <• all Ibr talrsldoicB* 



ARTUTIC 1 
HalrCattii 


HAIR 
ng ant! 


DRK&SING. 
1 Manicure. 


vmCKXT 


i: OR 


ni 

WUI chai>. 




; K WASH 
'.r of hair 


to a 


•ndc 




III Coiffurr*. Ilanga. 
a::d Hwticbr*. 



' K HAIR ORNAMRNTS 

CuitkUl of rnlirrly nrw dc«ivi>*. 

many of wHirb cannot be 

luund rl»c«tbrrc In 

tbrcity 



Elegant Millinery Goods 

la which we offer the greatral tnducrnirnt* to the Udiea in HATH A9D BO%^l:TitBnd all the 

latcai novcltiea and deaixii* ^'or correct atytra, wurkinan»hly and 

elegant materials we arc accond to none. 



J. E.VINCENT HAIR & MILLINERY CO. 



W»ST»K1 A«»:^TH H>B 

The L«ading Imported and Domestic Toilet and Complexion Goods. 

Theatrical Goods. Grease Paints, General Stage Make-up. Wigs. 

Ikanls, Mustaches. Croppc Hair, Wool and Spirit (riim. 

Perfect fitting Wigs and Toupees Made to Order. 

m 

Modern Turkish Baths 

FOK i.ai>ii-;m umi.v. 

Finftt In thf TCfit with fir«t rli « ••- n^! m.l cxiwricnced attenrfan^* »n ••♦tarr*' w»»« 

»« i»:!<TI>l« in«*.u.»: Tit > I 

% Ha!)). • ■ .» f 1 ' .<:: 



(>«tt k "<' KU«Utc it; 

aient. are • n 

corrkhponi>i:mci\ moi.ic itko. 

All OrdrrM Hy ni«ll ««lll Hrrrlvc Carrfiil mikI i*r out |tl % iifiii lf>ii. 

J. E. VINCENT HAIR AND MILI.INHKY CO.. 

in:i, ^|,lin Strrrt. 
Til rt'in> N / .'»o. /v t N ^ N ' / / I »/o. 



78 Chelsea Hospital. 



Some old clothing, belonging to dead and gone pensioners, was also 
disposed of. Among the kitchen utensils brought to the hammer 
was a copper saucepan, no longer needed, which was so large that it 
took six men to carry it to the cart on which it was taken away. A 
facetious bidder, who asked the auctioneer whether he would put up 
the pensioner's "wooden head," of which French legend speaks, was 
informed that unfortunately that interesting object was not included 
in the catalogue. 



CHELSEA HOSPITAE 



The Chelsea Hospital was founded to provide a suitable home for 
soldiers disabled by wounds or age. It was the first national provision 
created in England for veteran soldiers as a class. In Ireland, its sis- 
ter establishment at Kilmainham, in the suburbs of Dublin, was erected 
about the same time, for the relief of soldiers on the separate Irish 
Establishment. That hospital still survives as a home for pensioners, 
selected from those resident in Ireland. It is separately governed on 
a system similar to that in force in Chelsea. 

The standing or Parliamentary Army of England was first raised 
in the year 1060. From that time, therefore, dates the system of enlist- 
ing soldiers into the service of the country as a profession requiring 
the best ps rts of their lives, and the consequent obligation on the part 
of the country to make provision for their general support in old age. 

The necessity of a national provision having thus arisen on the 
creation of a standing army, difficulty in supplying it was felt, owing 
to the reluctance of Parliament to vote more than the merest pittance 
for the service of the army, scarcely sufficient for the pay and allow- 
ances of the soldier serving. Under these circumstances, to meet the 
desire of Chares II. to save his old soldiers from indigence, an ingen- 
ious minister devised a plan for the erection of a hospital or home 
without appealing to Parliament for the necessary funds. Sir Stephen 
Fox, the Paymaster-General of the Forces, who had accumulated a 
considerable fortune by his financial relations with the soldier, was 
generous enough to give in return personal assistance towards this 
end, and clever enough to procure from the Army itself the bulk of 
the funds, by deductions from pay under certain conditions, by the 
contribution of a day's pay in the year, and in other ways. The King 



Cheisea Hospital. 



appealed to the public also for votuniar>' aid, but the appeals were not 
vcr>- succ«viful. 

The accounts are still in existence, and the exact figures shown. 
The whole of the voluntary contributions did not amount to *iU,(lU>/. 
The Kinjj gave in addition nearly 7,U0i>/., an unapplied balance of 
secret service money. Chelsea Hospital may therefore be said to have 
l)een mainly built by the Army itself, as a home for its veterans. Its 
lands were purchased in the same way, and increased from the pro- 
ceeds of legacies. Parliament can claim no ownership over either. 
As a well known writer concisely states. "Within the walls of Chelsea 
Hospital the veteran has indeed nothing to complain of — but why.' 
Hecause the establishment is his own, built by his own or his prede. 
cessor s money." It is true that the current support of the soldier in 
the Hospital is voted by Parliament, as the soldiers pay is voted, that 
support being his deferred pay. due to him by right of his contract on 
enlistment. The Hospital, therefore, is in no sense a charity. The 
soldier is there in enjoyment of honest independence, earned by long 
and arduous devotion to his country's service. 

There can be no doubt that it was the intention to have a home 
sufficiently large to accommodate all entitled to admission. And when 
the foundation-stone was laid in HVM'i the estimate of space was fairly 
formetl. By the time, however, of the completion of the '^uilding, ten 
years later, the expectants had grown in number, and when it was 
o(K*ned it was found necessary to give out-pensions to a few whose 
admission had to be deferred. Thus arose the Chelsea Out-Pensions, 
and the rapid and continuous increase of the Army soon led to the 
out pensioners Inrcoming the larger body, in time dwarfing into insig- 
nificance the relative proportion <>f the in-pensioners. so much so as at 
the present day to be UK) to 1. This unexpected state of things has 
altered to some extent the scheme of in-pension, making it now the 
provision for a selected number from the out-pensioners, the blind, 
the paralyzed, the decrepit from diseases of various kinds, and the ver>' 
aged, all unprovided with suitable homes amongst their friends, and 
for whom any ortlinary allowance in money could not scr\*e to provide 
'• -:cH in their individual cap.icities. Considering that the outpen- 
■ rs arc now alxmtHTi.tlOt) in number, it may he inferred how many 
'\\\ under this description. Al>out US per cent of the sum goes to out- 
; ' :: inncrs. the remainder to in i>ensioners, the latter numbering MO 
>. . . '.aand 15<>at Kilmainliam. 



80 Chelsea Hospital. 



Locally, Chelsea Hospital has obtained the character of other 
utility by reason of its gardens, which are large and well kept, open to 
the public on much the same conditions as the larger parks, and from 
long usage now inalienable to other purposes, though their mainten- 
ance is not a charge on Parliamentary funds. They comprise about 
sixty acres of open space, the greater part of which is accessible freely 
to the public. 

The selection of in-pensioners is made, as already stated, from 
the body of out-pensioners, and on the principle that those only are 
admitted who from age or suffering cannot employ their time to their 
own advantage in civil occupations, and are without suitable homes 
with their friends or families. The rules for the guidance of the Com- 
missioners in making the selection are issued by the Queen. In-pen- 
sioners are removed from the out-pension list, their wants in food and 
clothing being supplied from the Hospital funds, and a small money 
allowance in addition for tobacco, etc. The labor required in the Hos- 
pital is almost all performed by the in-pensioners themselves, and for 
this they are paid. One hundred and seventy small plots of garden 
are assigned to this number of men, from the cultivation of which 
with flowers and vegetables they earn some money, visitors being wil- 
ling purchasers. Thus, between employment in light hospital labor 
and the garden cultivation, a large proportion of in-pensioners earn 
some money, almost every pensioner who is at all capable of physical 
exertion. Residence in in-pension, though eagerly sought, is not after- 
wards enforced, any man being allowed to return to out-pension and 
quit the Hospital when he pleases, and a few are found to avail them- 
selves of this privilege, for discontent and desire of change are found 
amongst this class as amongst all others. In almost every instance, 
however, early application is made for permission to return. A pen- 
sioner who makes himself a discomfort to others by much irregularity 
of any kind is made to revert to out-pension, but stricter discipline is 
not enforced. In addition to all usual wants in diet, clothing, and 
housing, a staff of medical men and nurses reside for the care of the 
sick and feeble, and an infirmary with 100 beds, which are found inad- 
equate for demands. Church services for the three leading religious 
bodies are provided by the Commissioners, and the chaplains and 
church visiting organizations encouraged to aflford every aid. Friends 
visit the pensioners without restriction, and the latter move about the 
neighborhood at will within reasonable hours. Furlough is allowed 
to those who desire to visit their friends in country places. 



Chflsra Hospital. 81 



The first stone of the Hospital was laid by the King on 17th Feb- 
ruary. IrtSl'J. Ten ycark later ihc building was ready for occupation, 
though not completed till lrtU4. In prints of the day the structure 
.1 ; ars just as it now is, without the smallest subsidiary buildings 

< added for the secretary's office, and, on the op|>osite side, some 
officers' quarters, and the large range of infirmary buildings, all of 
which were built or acquired in the early part of the present century. 

The sums expended for land, building, and furnishing in twenty 
\ ears from IfVSl amounted to 157,000/., from which it may be inferred 
that the main structure cost 1:U).0<H)/. 

The appropriation of the several parts of the building to their 
respective uses seems to have remained unaltered from the first. There 
are : (a) benhs for 510 men, all separately enclosed (l<H)more l>eds are 
found in the infirmary); (6) great kitchen, in which the whole of the 
food is prepared, save infirmary diets prepared in the infirmar>' itself; 
<£-) chapel, with seats for 3*M) pensioners, and pews for the officers; 
\d) great hall, formerly a dining-room, but now a general day-room, 
the {>ensioners dining in messes in their wards; (e) library, containing 
t.iHH) volumes of books and liberal supply of newspapers and maga- 
zines; (/)(|uarters for 13 military officers and for non-.v)nunissioned 
officers and apartments for nnrses. A gardener's lodge, an improved 
1 v:!idry. and a model bakery have been erected within recent years. 
1: 1. 1 supplied by contract, from one cause or another, never gave 
'satisfaction. 

The decadence ot" Waterloo veterans is almost complete. There 
were M in the Hospital in the year 1870, 'M\ in the year 1S7'J. ir> in 
187rt. 1 1 in 1878. U in 1879. none in 1895. 

The dietary of 430 pensioners is shown in the ; table. 

TIjc remaining numlnrr, say 1 1<». are dieted in the infin. ording 

to arrangements ordered by the medical staff to suit their various wants* 

*■ l)est quality only, is crtntracted for, and full power given to 

rs to reject it if inferior. 

Each man daily: Bread. 1 (Kuind; butter, 1 ounce; good cocoa. { 
of an ounce. good mois* in the morning; rock! black tea, 

\ of an ounce. good ni .\\ ounce, in the cvi-ijiiiL'. the l>est 

new milk. ^ of a pint, imperial. 

On Sundays and Wcdti- ' Ucc!. 13 ounces, 

]>otatoes. 1 pound; flour, .'• , , t. I^ ounces; best 

wa.shed currents. 1 ounce; rice, ^ an ounce. 



82 Chelsea Hospital. 



Five days per week each man: Mutton, 13 ounces; potatoes, 1 
pound; ■ barley,' Scotch, ^ ah ounce. ' On Fridays: Cheese, ^ a pound. 
■ ' Or in lieu of these, when demanded: On Sundays for each man: 
Bfeef, 13 ounces; potatoes, 1 pound; rice, 4^ ounces; suet, \ an ounce; 
sligar, 1^ ounces; milk, | of a pint, imperial; or, beef, 13 ounces; pota- 
toes, 8 ounces; cabbage or other vegetable, 1 pound. 

On Wednesdays for each man: Bacon, 10 ounces; potatoes, 8 
'ounces; cabbage or other vegetable, 1 pound. 

Strangers usually desire to see the chapel and hall, the wards, the 
public monuments, and the gardens. 

The chapel and great hall are of the same size, each 108 feet long 
and 37 feet wide. The ceiling of the former being coved and of the 
latter flat, the proportions of the apartments appear different. Both 
chapel and hall are hung with flags, taken from the enemy in war, and 
for the most part transferred here from other places in the year 1835 
by King William IV. Of those in the hall scarcely more than thp 
poles survive, but those in the chapel are in a fair state of preservation. 
In addition to the flags, the chapel contains many eagles taken from 
the French Army. The following flags, etc., may be mentioned as 
fairly preserved and identified: 

American flag, 68th Regiment, James City, Light Infantry. An 
Eagle, on white ground, with stars and the scroll "E Pluribus Unum." 
On the reverse, red stripes and cap of Eiberty and "Virginia" on a 
blue band. Captured at Bladensburg by the 85th Regiment in 1814. 

American cavalry flag, captured by same regiment at same place. 
An eagle on blue ground. \st Har ...., Light Dragoojis. ''Touch 
Me Not'' on scroll. 

American flag. Eagle on blue ground. 2d Regiment of Infantry. 
Date of capture not known. 

No. 26. Eagle of 62d French Regiment, taken at Salamanca in 
1812. 

No. 38. Eagle of 22d French Regiment, taken at same place. 

Of these two eagles the following accounts were published: 

" Lieutenant Pearce, of the 44th, had the honor of capturing a 
" French eagle at the glorious battle of Salamanca. This officer, 
" attached to the 5th or General Eeith's Brigade, was ordered with his 
" regiment to charge the French Infantry, nowthr own into confusion 
" by the valour of our men. Seeing the trophy unscrewed from the 
" staff and in the act of being concealed, he gallantly attacked the 



Cheistu Hoipital. 83 



' Frenchmen, from whose hands he wrested it. and preiiented il on the 
' field of battle to the General, who requested him to retain it and pre- 

■ sent it the following morning to Lord Wellington." 

(On the -Olh May, IMT. this officer called at the Hospital to see 
the eagle, for capturing which he obtained his company.) 

ICagle and flag ol" the 4t>th French Regiment taken hy Sergeant 
Kwart. Scots Greys, at Waterloo. 

Kxtract from a letter which Sergeant Ewart (after\vards Hnsign. 
."ith Royal Veteran Battalion) wrote to his father relative to the cap- 
uire of this eagle: 

'■ It was in the first charge. about 11 o'clock, I took the eagle from 
" the enemy. He and I had a hard contest for it. He thrust for my 
• groin, I parried it off and cut him through the head, after which I 
" was attacked by one of their Lancers, who threw his lance at me, 
" but missed the mark by my throwing it off by my sword at the right 
'■ side; then I cut him from tlic chin upwards, which went through his 
" teeth. Next I was attacked by a foot soldier, who. after firing at me , 
' » li.irv;t «1 me with his bayotut. but he very soon lost the combat, for 
I p.iin'-d il anil cut him d' w. through the head, so that finished the 
" contest for the eagle. ' I took the eagle into Brussels 

" midst the acclamations ot t " v it." 

I\xtracl from the Guide I . ^ : loo Model: 

" As the Scots Greys passed through and mingled with the High- 

1 inl. rs. the enthusiasm of both corps was extraordinary. They 

inuui illy cheered, Scotland forever!' as their war-shout. The smoke 

' in which the head of the French column was enshrouded had not 

' *' ly when the Grr\ • • " - ma.ss. * * * Within 

i! loo, was Ixjrne t ; ' ' .. ^' of the 4r»th Regiment. 

" proudly displaying on its banner the names /<-«<». AnstfrlUs, Wag' 

"ram. and /" * fields in \v! ■ ■ . h.id co- 'If 

" with glor> iuired tl)r «; »f the 1: es. 

" A devoted liand encircled the sacred standard, which attracted the 

"«>'• ibition of n daring and adventurous 

■ >< • of the Greys, etc., etc." 

Kagle and flag of the lO'ith Regiment, taken by Captain Clark 

.... . . - -. ■ - ■ ■ . p - - , 't- *,^_ 

LKmpereur Napoleon au H*o Regiment d'lnfanterie de lignc. 

The hall has been the scene of some remarkable event.*: the court- 



84 Chelsea Hospital. 



martial on the conduct of General Whitelocke; the court of inquiry into 
the Convention of Ciutra; the laying in state of the Duke of Welling- 
ton, 10th to 17th November, 1852; the Crimean inquiry, etc. A num- 
ber of old pensioners, who had served under the Duke, gathered from 
all parts of the kingdom, followed the body from Chelsea to St. Paul's. 



The world hadn't laughed since the crucifixion till America was 
discovered, and Uncle Sam went up against the pewter crowns of 
Europe in his best suit of stripes and swallow-tail and told the unicorns 
rampant that they might consider him in the race. 

This he did with his characteristic good humor, his famous bell- 
crowned hat under his arm, dispensing right and left his most gracious 
compliments, his truly beautiful and profound genuflections. He was 
so entirely at home, so much at his ease, and through it all there shone 
so much of that peculiar occidental brusque-nerve, so much of the 
daring of the Brule-Sioux brave, that while the mitred Brownies hated, 
they feared, but would not acknowledge him till he had tied Burgoyne 
and Cornwallis up by the thumbs, put Packingham to sleep at New 
Orleans, and sunk their pirate Alabama off Cherbourg harbor. 

They know us now, and we laugh, and the poor serfs in distant 
lands, who have not had a good laugh in twenty centuries, laugh now 
and with us, a big hopeful laugh, at the big fellow across the sea who 
wears the stripes of his flag in his breeches and the stars thereof in 
his " westcut," and who don't care a continental for none of them. 

Back in 1850 this eagle-beaked old uncle went over to Japan, his 
genial peach-colored face all aglow with love for his kind, and knocked 
at the door of the strange little seagirt isle: " Hello! " he cried, in kind 
old-fashioned greeting ; " hello, little one ! come out into the fresh air 
and be one of us ! " And he thrilled the little yellow chap with that 
touch of nature we all know about, and lo, what a little encourage- 
ment has done ! Yesterday lyi Hung Chang, the friend of Gen. Grant 
and our friend, got into trouble and comes with confidence to our 
grand old uncle to help him adjust hi"* difficulties with his neighbors. 
And the Frenchman is onto the situation and solves the riddle by 
announcing the last advent — America, the seventh of the great Euro- 
pean powers. 



The past is illustrious with the names of Washington, Adams, and 
Franklin, the future of my country glorious beyond conception, but 
as for me, I am satisfied to have lived contemporary with Abraham 



Cketsea Hospital. 



85 




017 W^[^vt7■o5r; \^\\^^ Qty t^9 





Lincoln. UlyAHCH S. Grant. William Tecumsch Sherman. George H. 
Thomas, and the host of kuu.vn and unknown heror* who. on land 
and sea. made the supreme and triumphant struggle fur the Union 
founded by our fathers. 



One, Two, Three. 



ONE, TWO, THREE, 
And How They Come Out. 

When 1 think of Waterloo three figures step out to view — Wel- 
lington, Napoleon, and the Belgic housewife. And it occurs to me to 
say here that, while some men are building empires, others are engaged 
in tearing them down, and still others are raising cabbages — all of them 
labors necessary to the advancement of the race, and no one of them 
less valuable than the other, nor less honorable, in proof of which the 
extremes of our equation have often met and exchanged places, to the 
great gain of themselves and of the world at large. 

It is in this interconvertible feature in the industries of the world 
and the occasional shuffte of the actors therein that our safety lies, and 
which assures the advancement of civilization. 

Having unloaded this sage piece of philosophy upon the reader, 
we will proceed to the consideration of other relevant matters. As 
Wellington's regiments filed out of Brussels for the fray, the Flemish 
women filed in with their market carts, themselves seated atop of their 
peas and potatoes. The British were determinedly intent on tearing 
a hastily erected empire down, and " Boney " and his men, further 
down in the woods there, were as fully set upon making their work 
stick ! Now old Sol rose that morning broad-faced and smiling^ 
mounted to his meridian in his usual unperturbed manner, and, like 
the honest body that he has ever been reputed to be, laid him down 
in the west, disturbed at nothing he had seen on his way 

The cabbages grew as he beamed upon them, and as for the "Juke" 
and " Boney," he saw them tumbling over each other like pismires 
perturbed, but that to him was as old as cabbages, and did not excite 
his comment. "People might get excited about such things as that, 
but not the father of lights," he was heard to say, as he went to rest 
on his pillow of red cloud. 

No more could the Brussels fraii, for she bought her cabbage on 
that June morning in 1815, rightly anticipating that her household and 
herself would be as hungry on that day as on any other, and she put 
it on to boil, and as it was a Sunday dinner, she looked carefully to her 
broth, and when the French cavalry opened right and left like a cur- 
tain, and out of this pocket the fair lilies of the South bent wrathfully 
over the British squares, she tasted and said, ''Das ist gut ! " 

Smooth it over as we will, Arthur Wellesley and the yellow Corsi- 
can had a genuine, old-fashioned "scrap," and disturbed the peace of the 



OHf, Two, Three. 87 

neighburhood not a litllc- trampled the fields of tall r>'c into the earth 
whilst the ^oov frau redoubled her exertions, whacked the ball of dough 
with her rolling-pin. put her sturdy arms to the work. r<)lle<l the paste 
flat, and cut her nootllcs with a fierce energy not surp.isscd by the 
fiery cuirassiers themselves. With her brow bound with beads of per- 
spiration, and with many a puff and backache, she advanced the 
courses of the feast, and as the Scots Greys swung their sabres and 
advanced upon the standards of the Invincibles. upbearing the death- 
less scrolls of Jena, Auslcrlit/. Wagram, and Friedland. she gave the 
pie-tins a swirl and trimmed the edges as dexterously as the veteran of 
the Old Guard sliced the liver of his foe, and as Bliicher's horse fell 
and rolled over him. she spranj; afresh to her rolling-pin and pressed 
It down upon the paste with a grim pinch, as if she had a grudge against 
the sturdy old Dutchman, and would finish him there and then ; and 
this with some affected unction, for "Boney" had disbursed shekels 
by stealth in Brussels the day before, and the Bel^'i'- Tuin.I wnx ntiffe- 
cided as to which side it was on ! 

The dear old /raw is right. Wc have said it. To noi many is it 
given to get up a good dinner under such discouraging circumstances. 
There were large promises, to be sure, and boastful. " Boney" said he 
would be in Brussels to dine, and Sir Thomas Picton and the "Juke" 
rotle confidently, even gaily out, saying that Bliicher had probably 
already finished the business, and they would be back for dinner. Sir 
Thomas dined not again indeed ; but had not the schone frau good rea- 
•on to go on with her dinner? The guests would Ijc there, they said ; 
thcv were even now at the door with broken arms, and faces distraught 
ler-burnt. their boots full of blood I And her l>oiling pot bub- 

.V i sputtered, busily keeping time to the deep reverlxrrations of 

the guns twelve miles away. Surely the/raw is right, for a good dinner 
!. i- ' ■••• more to keep the piue than all the .sermons ever preached, 
hw.vc'^t: it may fail this time, and if the world were called to divide 
<»n pie vt. powder, saltpetre would n't be in it, and the ixx>r <levils who 
\\.\\v each other by the ears at the bidding of " Boney ■ and Wellesley, 
<lu'.\n at Mount S.iint Jean, would tling away their flint-locks and fra- 
ternize in a mob within the kitchen of the Belgic housewife. 

How many of the famishing wretches Inrfore Hugomont would 

weep for joy this minute at an invitation to -r- '< • 'he glory of 

France for a bowl of soup! 

It baa been a busy day : and it is drawing to a cloac ; and the six 



88 



One, Two, Three. 



o'clock dinner is not far off. " Boney," these fourteen hours, has vexedly 
taken up the big pinches of snuff, throwing the half away. He had a 
positive engagement to dine in Brussels this June Sunday, 1815, but — 
" He cometh not," she said ! 

And as the one hundred and fifty captured guns bore the insignia 
" Liberty, " Equality, and Napoleon's cipher ("N"), so this dear old 
frau put the finishing touches on her pies by duplicating in the upper 
crust the hopes of the French people. And the pies and the hopes— 
but I can't stop to point a moral. 

"Take, eat," she said, in remembrance of him who was emperor 
at dawn and a beggar at dusk ! 

Many a good man has cursed the fate that disappointed him of a 
hot dinner, but I can call none by name who returned from a hard 
day's work, and no dinner in sight, with a keener sense of his loss than 
the man who for twenty years had quarreled about the "jography " of 
Europe. The poor fellow went home in disgust, having lost his hat, his 
sword, his carriage, and his small change, and they put him on a crag 
in the midst of a drowned world— in a Soldiers' Home, mark you— fit 
abode of the exile, where the worms that die not, called Bitter Mem- 
ory, Defeat, and Ennui, fed on his heart till he died. 

And Wellesley went home also, and hung around until they stoned 
his house, and forced him to put iron shutters over his windows to 
save the glass and his life ! 

But there is peace and quiet these eighty years in the Flemish 
market gardens ; the sweet sunlight falls on the blossoming peas, and 
the dews freshen and nourish the fringes of thyme and parsley ; the 
children play along the hedges, and there is no death in the pot, and 
never was— only savory broth and sweet life ! 




AI thi I'ort. ^\^ 

OUR ADVRKTISING DErAkTMKNT. 

The merchants, packers, bankers, managers of the Live Stock 
Exchange, manufacturers, and artists represented in this work are well- 
known leaders in their respective lines of busine.vs, many of them of 
national reputation, all of them preeminent as successful business 
men, unsurpassed in public spirit and of unquestioned personal honor 
and commercial integrity. They are all so widely known, each houfte 
so distinguished in its own i>eculiar field of enterprise, that we feel that 
we are doing the economic buyer and the general public a real service 
by asking one and all to carefully study our advertising department. 
Particularly if you are a stranger and unacquainted, you will find it to 
your |)crsonal interest to call upon these gentlemen at their places o 
business, or to communicate with them through the mails. 

AT THK FORT 

During tiie sumnier season, drill will he held in the • ' rn- 

ing. front 7 to >i o'clock, altern.nling, company drill and i or 

regimental drill. 

The weekly dress p.iiicic will he held at sunset as follows: Mon- 
day. 1st Battalion, 20th Imaiilry; Tuesday, -d Battalion, *J(>th Infantry; 
Wednesday. Cavalry Squadrons; Thursday. Regiment of Infantry; 
Friday, review of the entire command. 

The engineers can now be distinguished from the soldiers in other 
branches of the army by* the change in their uniforms to dark blue 
trousers. 

The open air concerts at the Post will be held every Monday. 
Tuesday, and Thursday at 8 o'clock. 



J. J. YoiLz;, 

Butcher, Packer aud Stock Dealer. 

ARTIFIClAh ICE MANUFACTURER. 

734-736-738-740 SHAWNEE STREET. 
AND 11^-1 ZZlZ^-1^1 SENECA STREET. 

I^on\'Oii\\'nr1 h, - _ - KnnsQS* 



lionukiict side Loal Mnitu. '.M 

THK HoMK RIVKRSIDE COAL MINING COMPANY. T.KAV- 
KNWORTH. KANSA- 

in I (iiivri-^.iiioii with the average cilJAcn <•. iAMvi-iiwi»itii un to 
her iuiluxtries and i)ossi)>ilities as a manufacturing center, the first 
word that is given expression to is coal. With the thought that in all 
the vast expanse of country lying north of the Kiw and south of 
the D.ikoias, west of the Missouri and cast of the Rocky Mountains 
Leavenworth is the only coal-producing counlx; one cannot but real' 
i/e that Leavenworth, by her location, certainly is in a position to at 
least successfully compete with any other coal district, if not able to 
dictate terms. We can be brought to still closer lines when we arc 
shown that The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company are operating 
within the bounds of the rity limits of that most beautiful and pictur- 
esque Missouri River city. Leavenworth, two of the largest coal-pro- 
ducing plants in the Western country, which practically control the 
.situation in that district. 

The present volume of business being done by The Home-River 
side Coal Mining Company is only another public demonstration of 
what are the possibilities where -.^o-.d mnnagetnent and close attention 
to business are displayed. 

The affairs now being ;i i".;-'! i>\' tiie above tianied corporation 
are the outgrowth of the buMiuss. consolidated, arising from the prod- 
ucts of two of the most important coal mines in the State of Kansas, 
viz.. "The Home" and "The Riverside"; both located within the cor- 
IH)rate limits of the city of Leavenworth. 

Inuring the year 1887 The Riverside Coal Company was formed 
( tncnl of *' ' ■ ^1:: *. " ' ' he 

i' ink and >. 

Dunng the following year The Home Mining Company was 
f ' • •• of Julius S. ICdwards as president, the 

li . (I. 

The years 1887 and iSSS marked a new era in the history of the 

city of I.' '■ ■ ' . ' . ,' distinction of * Mg 

one of til ' ; West. On i. 

!H94, the Riverside mine was purchased from the Kansas and Texa.H 

' ' V l)y the of the IT rs 

This ni l)y the < le 

Home mine was considered by the citizens a display of good business 

judgment, and a public demonstration of confidence in the future of 



92 Home-Riverside Coal Mining Co. 



the city. The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company is strictly a 
Kansas and Leavenworth institution; the same existing under a char- 
ter issued by virtue of the laws of the State of Kansas. 

The entire capital stock of the corporation, $350,000, is held 
jointly by Colonel David A. McKibben, Major John M. Laing, and 
Hon. Harvey D. Rush, all old and respected citizens of lycavenworth. 

The present management, under which the property is being suc- 
cessfully operated, are David A. McKibben, President; Harvey D. 
Rush, Vice-President; John M. Laing, Treasurer; James L- McKibben, 
Secretary; George W. Kierstead, Superintendent. 

The personality of the management is a sufficient guarantee that 
the new corporation, The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company, can 
be classed among the strongest in the city, both from a financial stand- 
point as well as ability to successfully handle the afiairs of a corpora- 
tion of this magnitude. 

The corporation owns and controls, approximately, 4,000 acres of 
coal rights, besides several hundred acres of land in fee-simple and 
platted property within the city limits, all lying in an unbroken body. 
Situated approximately in the center of this vast body of coal rights, 
there stand the magnificent hoisting plants. The Home, No. i, lo- 
cated at the corner of Second and Maple streets in Fackler's Addition; 
and The Riverside, No. 2, located at the east end of Santa Fe Street, 
in the South Side Park; both situated on the west bank of the great 
Missouri River; each plant with a shaft 10 feet by 14 feet by 700 feet 
in depth. With these shafts, which are just five thousand feet apart, 
are connected the underground workings of the mines, which are 
worked under a system known as the Longwall. These underground 
workings are connected by a tunnel, in size 6 feet by 6 feet by more 
than 6,000 feet in length, which lies directly under the bed of the Mis- 
souri River. The construction of this single piece of underground 
work, "the tunnel," required the combined labor, continuously, night 
and day, of six men for more than one year, and cost to construct 
more than $25,000. 

"The tunnel," as it is termed, is considered one of the greatest 
mining engineering feats that has ever been accomplished in the West. 
The work was started from the face of the workings of each of the 
two mines, lying between which was nearly 4,000 feet of solid strata, 
through which the tunnel must be driven; from the point of beginning 
in both mines the objective point to be reached by each was the same. 



HomeRivernde Caai Mining Co 03 

On tin- Mi^ht of December yx, 1892. the break-through was made 
lietween the two workings, and when a sufficient opening was devel- 
oped, and a line by the transit run through, it was dt-tertnincd that the 
variation in a true line from tht* point of beginning in each working 
was so small that it was impracticable to figure. Some of the most 
cxf>ert mining engineers in the West have inspected the work and pro- 
nounced it simply wonderful. 

In the undergroond workings of these two mines more than seven 
huii<lre«l feet fron> the surface are daily employed over seven hun- 
dred men. who dig. prepare, load, and send to the shafts, to be hoisted 
to the surface, over twelve hundred tons, or 30,000 bushels, of the 
black diamonds. There are etnployed for hauling the pit cars, in 
which is loaded the coal, twenty-eight mules. After the coal is hoisted 
to the surface, it is especially prepared into different grades and dis- 
tributed to the trade throughout Kansas, Nebraska, and Missouri. 
The coal is of the bituminous class. It is used ver>' largely for 
domestic purposes. It is also a first-class steam coal, a fact that is 
appreciated by the various railroad corporations whose lines extend 
through and beyond the district. For several years past there has 
l)een annually used by the different railroad companies more than 
75,000 tons. 

The location of both the No. i and No. 2 plants is such that 
either one or the other of them is reached by the tracks of all the im- 
portant railway systems cohiiiiv; into Leavenworth. This is a great 
advantage to the coal company, as they are thus enabled, without 
delay, to handle their products and make quick shipments, which is 
an item that is always appreciated by their patrons. 

The local or city traile. which during the winter season averages 
from eight to ten thousand bushels per day, is handled at The Home, 
No. I riant. 

The physical condition of the two mines,' both underground and 
.surface, is considered by those competent to judge to be equal, if not 
.su|)erior. to that of any other c«)al property in the State. A gentleman 
from the Kast. "a coal property exi>ert," was recently in Leavenworth 
to examine these properties. After looking them over thoroughly in 
every detail, he pronounced ihcm. as to construction, equipment, gen* 
eral physical condition, neatness, and dispatch with which the proper- 
ties were operated, the most coniplete and liest managed that it had 
ever been his experience to examine in the West. While his report 
u.is .1 strong one. it was conservative, and not in the least exaggcr "••■' 



94 



/\ansas State Prison. 



Since August ist, the date of the consolidatiou of the two proper- 
ties, there has been taken out and placed upon the market more than 
two and one-half million bushels of coal, or an average of a half-mil- 
lion bushels per month. With this volume of business continued dur- 
ing the balance of the fiscal year, the new corporation will put upon 
the market, approximately, 6,000,000 bushels per annum. To produce 
this enormous output, there are employed, directly and indirectly, 
more than 800 men. The pay-rolls amount, approximately, to $30,000 
per month. 




The State Prison is very like Jim Fisk's gravevard : those without 
don't want to get in, and those within can't get out. However, if you 
really want to "get in," and will take the risk of getting out, you will 
be admitted between the hours of one and four o'clock p. m. on Tues- 
day, Wednesday, and Friday. Emmet Dalton, survivor of the Dalton 
raid on the bank at Coflfeyville, Kansas, is the head cutter in the tailor- 
ing department. Other "life-men" and women, and notables of long 
or short terms, will be pointed out to you. 



Columbus iu^\ Qo- 

Kansas City, Mo. 




Our Motto, Latest Styles, Hii^hcst 

Grade at moderate priee. If you 

want the best, buy nothing 



but a <renuine 



Columbus Buggy Co. Wehicie. 

Catalogue Free on Application. 



A\RS. G. W. /n^LEAN, 

• • # • • 

Serves Dinner apd bupsf^eorp, horc) 11.30 a. m , to 2 30 
p. TT),, arpd Supper from 5.30 to 7.30 p. rt). 

19 WEST lOth ST. KANSAS CITY, MO. 

SEND rnr ^ 

Illustrated Catalogue, 

MAILED FRI£E TO THE LEADING JEWELRY 

HOUSES. 

. WHOLESALE and RETAIL, 







^^;ea»V KANSAS CITY, MO. 



HBNRY OOSS, Prest. HSKRY MARTIN, V.-Pre«t. 

Goss fj^^tiqg ai^d piiiEQbir^g Qo. 

GENERAL CONTRACTORS 

Steam and Hot Water Heating. 

SANITARY PLUMBING, 

GAS AND ELECTRIC FIXTURES. 

1016 WALNUT ST. KANSAS CITY, MO. 

IMURDOCK'S 

Opt. plavoripg Extracts, Pure Spices, 
Manhattan Bakir;>g Powder, Coffees, Etc., 

^taLixds at tlio Head 

For PURITY, UNIFORMITY AND 
SUPERIORITY OF QUALITY. 

C. A. MURDOCH MFG. CO., 

1235 and 1327 Union Av., KANSAS CITY. 

96 



The J. A. KITZLER 

Cornice and Ornament Co. 



MAN t- FACTUM i; MM OF 




el Heial Cornices, 
Sky-Lights, 
^nioke Slacks, 



i 






:?.^ •'- 



wT 



600 602 WEST FIFTH STREET 



Heavy Sheet Iron Work, 
Tin, Slate and 
Tile Roofing. 

KANSAS CITY MO. 



1. W. WOODWARD. 



r A FAXON. 



j. C. HORTON. 



U/oodvuard, paxoi} 9 Qo. 

WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS. 



-• 1*1. Ml 11^ / N • *- *^ 



Paints, Oils and Glass. 

1206. 1208 and 1210 Uni'Mi Avenne. near Union Depot. 

KANSAS CITY, MO. 



W^ILSON ASKBU'', F^RAN^i: ASKEW, 

F'rest. & Treas. Vicp-F'rest. 8t Secy. 

THE ASKEW SADDLERY CO. 

MANUFACTURERS & JOBBERS OF 

SADDLES, HARNESS AND 
-^^COLLARS^^ 

iVos. S13 to 223 

DeleLV^eirG St. 
Manses City, Mo. 

Armour Packing Co. 

KA.NSA.S CITY, MO 

Proprietors of the largest apd most fipely equipped 
Packing House in the World. 

Hlsh Qrade s pecialties, 

^'White LabeF' Leaf Lard, 

''Silver Churn'' Butterine, 
''Gold Band" Hams and Breakfast Bacon. 

The name, Armour Packing Co., on provisions is recognized 
as a guarantee of excellence. 



JJircct Route 




PROM 

ALiU POINTS OF THE COMPASS 
..TO.. 



2 • DAILY TRAINS * 2 



KyflPPKD WITH 



A 
♦ 



Pullman Buffet Sleeping Cars 
Reclining Chair Cars 
Modern Day Coaches 



m I « I I 1 Tn I 



Xoptb Mpd S'»<>tl> 



©oTorcado Short tine 



Zepl^yr-pa^r^ed f^esorts 

<>t nil 

Grcnl r)iVi(lc. 



I 



< O WAHM'K 

V(c» I'rralctrnt 



w N < 



\fl. 



Burlington 
Roure 




C'^t )taulp-p^e^d J^airuCi^- 



BETWEEN 



LEAVENWORTH 



%ia 





KANSAS CITY 






ST. JOSEPH 




• 


ATCHISON 






ST. LOUIS 
CHICAGO 










OMAHA 






DENVER 






ST. PAUL 






MINNEAPOLIS 





Hundreds of Miles the Shortest Line to Montana Points. 



DINING CARS ON THROUGH TRAINS. 



Gen. Agt., Leavenworth. 



D. O. IVES, 

G. P. A., St. LOUI& 



The • • • 



Kansas City 

STOCK YARDS 

Are ihe Mosi Complete *•■ Commodioiis in I he West 

AND THE SECOND LARGEST IN THE WORLD. 






The* entire Mttllroitd N>Mteiti of 
the* ^nTeNt iiiid HoitlH^^eNt ceiiterliiK 
l«t Kitiintt** t'lt> liMX flir«-cl ritll i-oii 
ii«*t'tioii %%llli llit-Mf VMrtlw. \> III! Ulll- 
plc- (McllllU-M lor receivliiK itiicl rr- 
NliippltiK MKtrk. 



t 
'^'i^ 



OIQclal Receipts for 18M. 

Hiaacliur»4 la K*i>>j< ( lif . . 

<i*14 to f M«*r« 

*Mt4 l*«liip^r« 



Sukkr. 



1,772.046 1047,077 089,000! 44,137 

9.itf,04n •i.o.->o.':»4 a»7,a7o 

.-10II.IN1 I I !>' 69.11 1« 

4<Mi.iii;.-i 4U8.«n«l 43.7:10 



CHARGES 



107,494 



Total sold iB Kansas City '94 < ' ''' 1.030.896 003,116 28.90^ 



KO YARDAGE CHAi 



THE STOCK IS SOLD 



HKD. 



C. F. MORSE, 



i\ MAn*(«T. 



H. P. CHILD. 



E. E. RICHARDSON. 



EUGENE RUST. 



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■* 



VE^IGLESI 




We are Western Headquarters for Vehicles 

of all kinds and grades. We carry the larg- 
est assortment of Wheeled Vehicles to be 

found under any one roof west of the Mis- 
sissippi River. If interested send for our 

Xar^e Catalogue. 

IX IS FREB. 



Western Supply House for 

John Deere Implements 

of all kinds. 



JOHN DEERE PLOW CO., 



STATION "A.' 



KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI. 



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